1.2 equality Flashcards

1
Q

What is equality of opportunity?

A

every person should be able to have the same opportunities in life

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2
Q

What is basic/simple equality?

A

everyone has the same amount of goods BUT this doesn’t work because everyone has different needs and don’t need the same things

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3
Q

What is equality of need?

A

equality is best achieved by satisfying people’s needs
- solves the problem of simple equality

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4
Q

What is equality of desert?

A

goods should be distributed to the extent that people deserve them, like a meritocracy

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5
Q

What is eqaulity of utility?

A

entitlement to equal wellbeing and those things that bring about said wellbeing

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6
Q

What is Nozick’s Equality of rights?

A

‘what’s mine is mine to do with as I wish’ BUT each individual must respect and protect the rights of the other to do the same

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7
Q

What are Christian views on gender equality?

A

two main approaches:
1) complementarian = a traditional view e.g Genesis 2:23 - women are created as a helpmate, reject contraception and abortion and reject a female clergy
2) egalitarian = argue for complete equality, accept a female clergy, Genesis 1:27 - all created in the image of God

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8
Q

What was Elizabeth Cady Stanton’s view on gender equality?

A

Christian churches’ attitudes towards women as key contributers to female oppresssion
- She published ‘The Woman’s Bible’ = discussing the scriptural treatment of women

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9
Q

What was Simone de Beauvoir’s view on gender equality?

A
  • there is a difference between an individual’s biological sex and their gender, which is defined by society
  • women have been placed in a role by society
  • thought that men and women’s differences shouldn’t prevent them from being equal
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10
Q

What did John Locke and John Stuart Mill say about gender equality?

A

they defended the rights of women and men to the freedom of speech and action
- In ‘On Liberty’, Mill argues that people should be free to do what they want, as long as they don’t harm others = the harm principle

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11
Q

What does the Bible say about racism?

A

Gal 3:28 = ‘For you are all one in Christ Jesus’
Lev 19:34 = ‘treat the stranger who sojourns with you as the native among you, and you shall love him as yourself’

Ex 21:20-21 = a man who beats his slave to death will be punished, but if he lives that is fine
Eph 6:6 = ‘bondservants, obey your earthly master with fear and trembling, with a sincere heart, as you would Christ’

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12
Q

What does the church say about racism?

A

ALL churches argue that racism+discrimination have no place in the religion or the church

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13
Q

What is direct racism?

A

an individual is treated less favourably or not given equal opportunities due to their skin colour or ethnicity

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14
Q

What is indirect racism?

A

where particular policies or practices disadvantage a community or section of society

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15
Q

What is institutional racism?

A

racism within the key institutions of society, includes government organisations or the police

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16
Q

What did Martin Luther King believe about racism?

A

a key leader of the Civil Rights Movement in the US in the 60s
- formed the Southern Christian Leadership Conference where he lectured around the US
- known for his pacifism - which Malcolm X rejected
- After the March on Washington and his famous I Have A Dream speech = US government passed the Civil Rights Act bringing an end to legally sanctioned racial segregation

17
Q

What does the Bible say about disability?

A

Lev 26:14-16 = ‘I will bring upon you sudden terror, wasting diseases + fever that will destroy your sight…’
Lev 21:16-23 = ‘none of your offspring throughout their generations who has a blemish may approach to offer the bread of God’

2 Samuel 9 = Mephibosheth couldn’t walk, David was meant to kill him but treated him as an honoured guest

18
Q

What are Christian attitudes towards disability?

A

Catholic Church = pilgrimage to Lourdes for healing
In some denominations, disability is still linked with sin - people are being sent to prayer camps

19
Q

What was Joni Eareckson Tada’s views on disability?

A

argues that suffering has value
- sees her condition as a gift that allowed her to do things that she would’ve never done before
he has chosen not to heal me, but to hold me

20
Q

How is disability defined?

A

a physical or mental condition that limits a person’s movements, senses or activities
- the condition has a substantial and long term negative effect on a person’s ability to do normal daily activities

21
Q

How does the Union of the Physically Impaired Against Segregation define disability?

A

disability isn’t in the impairment that a person faces BUT the social exclusion it causes

22
Q

What did the Equality Act 2010 do for disability?

A

provides legal rights in:
- buying/renting land
- employment
- education
- access to goods
- protects the carer/parent too