Infection Prevention in Dispensaries Flashcards

1
Q

What are 3 practices for preventing infection?

A

1) Use 70% isoprpyl alcohol to wipe down surfaces and equipment.
2) Wash hands before and after patient
3) Sterilisation of reusable diagnostic contact lenses

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2
Q

What is microbiology?

A

The study of microscopic organisms.

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3
Q

What are the 4 types of organisms?

A

1) Bacteria
2) Viruses
3) Fungi
4) Parasites

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4
Q

What are the 3 ways bacteria is categorized?

A

1) By shape (morphologically)
2) By dyed colour (gram character)
3) Ability to live in and use oxygen

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5
Q

What are the 3 names and shapes of bacteria?

A

1) Cocci (round/sphere)
2) Bacilli (rods)
3) Spirochetes (spirals)

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6
Q

Explain what Gram positive/ Gram Negative means?

A

The bacteria is dyed (gram stain) to determine the category and therefore the antibiotics needed.
If it is blue after being stained it is gram positive.
If it is red after being stained is it gram negative.

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7
Q

Name two eye conditions that are a result of a bacterial infection? and what general name of medication is used to treat bacterial infections?

A

1) Conjunctivitis
2) Blepharitis
Antibiotics

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8
Q

What is the difference between RNA and DNA?

A

RNA is a single strand. DNA is a double strand.

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9
Q

What are the characteristics of Viruses? (6)

A

Very different from Bacteria.
They are made from RNA or DNA, never both, and maybe some protein.
Can not live on their own so binds with a host.
Our bodies acquire immunity
Anti- Viral medications may be needed.
Contagious

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10
Q

What are examples of 1 eye infection and another infection caused by a Viral Infections?

A

Viral Conjunctivitis
COVID-19

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11
Q

What are the characteristics of Fungi? (5)

A

Larger than bacteria grows in a mass branching way.
Less common than bacterial and viral infections.
molds and mildew are fungi.
Most likely occurs in the outer eye, cornea, lacrimal sac
Not contagious

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12
Q

What are two non eye related conditions related to Fungi Infections?

A

1) Ringworm
2) Athlete’s Foot

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13
Q

What is the main type of parasite called that causes eye related problems?

A

Acanthamoeba

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14
Q

Where does the parasite Acanthamoeba come from? And what reasons are CL wearers more susceptible to this parasite?

A

It is mainly found im water and soil.
Often if people wear contacts lenses in the bath, swimming or not changing their contact lens case regularly.

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15
Q

What eye disease can Ancanthamoeba cause?

A

Keratitis

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16
Q

What kind of pathogen is the bacteria pseudomonas aeruginosa?

A

It is a opportunistic pathogen.

17
Q

What is an example of how pseudomonas aeruginosa can get into our system through our eye?

A

It can not penetrate the skin so, it uses corneal abrasions and scratches.

18
Q

How quickly can Pseudomonas Aeruginosa have a devastating effect on the eye? and what is the most common eye disease it causes?

A

Within 48 hours.
Corneal Ulcers

19
Q

What kind of gram is the bacteria pseudo aeruginosa?

A

Gram negative (red)

20
Q

Is Bacterial infections contagious?

A

Yes they are contagious

21
Q

What classification does Fusarium fall into ? What happened in 2006?

A

Fungi- fungal keratitis outbreak ever - cause contact lens solution