Infection Prevention in Dispensaries

Question 1

What are 3 practices for preventing infection?

Answer 1

1) Use 70% isoprpyl alcohol to wipe down surfaces and equipment.
2) Wash hands before and after patient
3) Sterilisation of reusable diagnostic contact lenses

Question 2

What is microbiology?

Answer 2

The study of microscopic organisms.

Question 3

What are the 4 types of organisms?

Answer 3

1) Bacteria
2) Viruses
3) Fungi
4) Parasites

Question 4

What are the 3 ways bacteria is categorized?

Answer 4

1) By shape (morphologically)
2) By dyed colour (gram character)
3) Ability to live in and use oxygen

Question 5

What are the 3 names and shapes of bacteria?

Answer 5

1) Cocci (round/sphere)
2) Bacilli (rods)
3) Spirochetes (spirals)

Question 6

Explain what Gram positive/ Gram Negative means?

Answer 6

The bacteria is dyed (gram stain) to determine the category and therefore the antibiotics needed.
If it is blue after being stained it is gram positive.
If it is red after being stained is it gram negative.

Question 7

Name two eye conditions that are a result of a bacterial infection? and what general name of medication is used to treat bacterial infections?

Answer 7

1) Conjunctivitis
2) Blepharitis
Antibiotics

Question 8

What is the difference between RNA and DNA?

Answer 8

RNA is a single strand. DNA is a double strand.

Question 9

What are the characteristics of Viruses? (6)

Answer 9

Very different from Bacteria.
They are made from RNA or DNA, never both, and maybe some protein.
Can not live on their own so binds with a host.
Our bodies acquire immunity
Anti- Viral medications may be needed.
Contagious

Question 10

What are examples of 1 eye infection and another infection caused by a Viral Infections?

Answer 10

Viral Conjunctivitis
COVID-19

Question 11

What are the characteristics of Fungi? (5)

Answer 11

Larger than bacteria grows in a mass branching way.
Less common than bacterial and viral infections.
molds and mildew are fungi.
Most likely occurs in the outer eye, cornea, lacrimal sac
Not contagious

Question 12

What are two non eye related conditions related to Fungi Infections?

Answer 12

1) Ringworm
2) Athlete’s Foot

Question 13

What is the main type of parasite called that causes eye related problems?

Answer 13

Acanthamoeba

Question 14

Where does the parasite Acanthamoeba come from? And what reasons are CL wearers more susceptible to this parasite?

Answer 14

It is mainly found im water and soil.
Often if people wear contacts lenses in the bath, swimming or not changing their contact lens case regularly.

Question 15

What eye disease can Ancanthamoeba cause?

Answer 15

Keratitis

Question 16

What kind of pathogen is the bacteria pseudomonas aeruginosa?

Answer 16

It is a opportunistic pathogen.

Question 17

What is an example of how pseudomonas aeruginosa can get into our system through our eye?

Answer 17

It can not penetrate the skin so, it uses corneal abrasions and scratches.

Question 18

How quickly can Pseudomonas Aeruginosa have a devastating effect on the eye? and what is the most common eye disease it causes?

Answer 18

Within 48 hours.
Corneal Ulcers

Question 19

What kind of gram is the bacteria pseudo aeruginosa?

Answer 19

Gram negative (red)

Question 20

Is Bacterial infections contagious?

Answer 20

Yes they are contagious

Question 21

What classification does Fusarium fall into ? What happened in 2006?

Answer 21

Fungi- fungal keratitis outbreak ever - cause contact lens solution