Equilibrium Flashcards

1
Q

When is equilibrium reached?

A

When the apparatus prevents the escape of reactants and products and the forward and reverse reactions occur at exactly the same rate.

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2
Q

What happens if a system is at equilibrium and a change is made to any of the conditions

counteract the change

A

The system responds to counteract the change.

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3
Q

Describe the effect of changing the concentration of reactant and product on the position of equilibrium

A

The system is no longer at equilibrium and the concentrations of all the substances will change until equilibrium is reached again.

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4
Q

Describe the effect of changing temperature on the position of the equilibrium

A

If the temperature of a system at equilibrium is increased:
The amounts of products at equilibrium increases for an endothermic reaction

The amounts of products at equilibrium decreases for an exothermic reaction

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5
Q

What happens If the temperature of a system at equilibrium is decreased

A
  • the amount of products at equilibrium decreases for an endothermic reaction
  • the amount of products at equilibrium increases for an exothermic reaction.
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6
Q

Describe the effect of changing pressure on the position of the equilibrium

A

Only applies to equilibria that involves gases:
Increase in pressure causes the equilibrium position to shift towards the side with the smaller number of molecules and vice a versa

It has no effect on the reaction where the number of gas molecules are equal on both sides of the equations

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7
Q

What happens If the concentration of a reactant is increased

m

A

more products will be formed until equilibrium is reached again.

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8
Q

What happens if the concentration of a product is decreased

A

more reactants will react until equilibrium is reached again.

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9
Q

What happens when there is a decrease in pressure in equilibrium?

the equilibrium positions

A

The equilibrium position shifts towards the side with the larger number of molecules

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10
Q

Describe the effect of a catalyst on the position of the equilibrium

A

No effect
It just speeds up both forward and backward reactions equally
i.e equilibrium is achieved faster

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