Eye

Question 1

What anatomical features you should be able to see in a fundic exam

Answer 1

fovea, optic disk

Question 2

What is the fovea?

Answer 2

the area where the light beam is optimally focused by the dioptric/refractive media

Question 3

Where is the fovea located?

Answer 3

in the direct center of the fundus, just adjacent to the optic disk

Question 4

is the fovea vascular or avascular? why?

Answer 4

avascular - we don’t want vessels in the way of incoming light

Question 5

which photoreceptors are sensitive to black and white?

Answer 5

rods

Question 6

which photoreceptors are sensitive to color?

Answer 6

cones

Question 7

what is the cortical visual pathway?

Answer 7

conscious perception of vision - menace response pathway

Question 8

What is the non-cortical visual pathway?

Answer 8

involuntary- doesn’t go to the cortex. PLR

Question 9

Which CN innervate the eye?

Answer 9

CN II, III, V

Question 10

Which CN innervate extraocular structures?

Answer 10

CN III, IV, V, VI, VII
oculomotor, trochlea, trigeminal, abducens, facial

Question 11

What are the components of the dioptric media (aka refractive media)

Answer 11

cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous body, retina

Question 12

what is the significance of the dioptric media?

Answer 12

they serve to help refract light and focus it on the light-sensitive retina

Question 13

What are the 4 anatomical changes of the fovea that allow the retina to receive the most accurate info about the visual field?

Answer 13

1. fovea is avascular
2. has no rod photoreceptors
3. all other components of the retinal layer are displaced
4. cone receptors are highly packed to increase cone density = more detaield vision