Urogenital Surgery Female Flashcards
what are the goals of a c section in a cow
preserve the cow, preserve the calf, preserve future reproduction
what are some maternal reasons to do a c section
immaturity, lack of cervical dilation, uterine torsion, pelvic deformities, uterine hydrops, uterine tear
list fetal reasons to do a c section
fetal oversize, pathology of the fetus, malposition, an elective (high value calf)
true or false: when done as last resort, c sections have a good prognosis
false! they have a poor prognosis. you should decide in less than 20 mins if youre going to do one or not, and you should use your mentors to help you decide
before doing a c section, what are some important things to examine?
the cow: is she exhausted? is she toxemic. hypovolemic, or hypocalcemic? should you pre treat her with calcium?
the fetus: is it dead or alive? if it’s dead, has it decomposed yet? do i need to do a fetotomy?
what is one VERY important thing to remember about J lube?
it causes peritonitis in calves and kills them, DO NOT use it
what are the two ways you can do a c section?
standing: L paralumbar fossa most commonly (can also do R side or oblique but these are much less common)
recumbent: ventral midline, right paramedian, right paramammary, left paralumbar.
recumbent is much harder and really gross
with a L sided paralumbar fossa approach, what do you need to remember about the rumen?
ideally it prevents small intestines from coming out your incicison but not always. You can also get rumen prolapse with straining and you may want to use a lidocaine epidural to help with this. the uterus is going to be medial to the rumen when you go in.
when would you use a paramammary approach in lateral recumbency for a c section?
if there’s emphysematous fetus–>can help you exteriorize the uterus and avoid abdominal contamination
when would you do a ventral midline/paramedian approach for a C section?
if you have a down cow/reluctant to stand cow
should you use antibiotics when a cow has a c section? why or why not? what other medications should you be giving?
YAS QUEEN because fibrinous peritonitis is super common 2/3 of cases get it, and there’s usually E coli and trueperella pyogenes up in there!
also give NSAIDs for analgesia
how should you adequately restrain your cow before doing a c section?
physical: cute or head lock or maternity pen
chemical: can do a ketamine stun, do a caudal epidural and do it before your gear up for calving (still clean)
describe how you should surgically prep your cow before a c section
slip 10/40 blade, scrub with idodine scrub then alcohol, put a drape on, gown up, put on plastic sleeves either inside out or sterile ones, and make sure you have an assistant to help you
what are the tissue layers youre cutting through when doing a L flank approach?
skin, sub q, external abdominal oblique, internal abdominal oblique, transversus abdominus, peritoneum. MAKE SURE not to go thru the rumen by accident
how do you exteriorize the uterus on a L flank approach?
reach behind the rumen and find the uterus and try to identify hind legs/foot/hock of the calf. Put one hand on the fetlock and the other under the hock and pull the leg up to and over the incision locking the leg in the incision via the fetlock and the hock