Patho of renal system

Question 1

Obstructive uropathy

Answer 1

-AKA urinary tract obstruction
-Structural or functional changes in the urinary tract that hinder normal urine flow
-Males
-Pain, anuria, nocturia or polyuria

Question 2

Renal calculi

Answer 2

-Kidney stones
-Dehydration
-Men
-Caucasians
-Family history
-Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) male model

Question 3

Bladder outflow obstruction

Answer 3

3 causes: congenital, structural, functional
-Congenital: urethral valves & strictures
-Structural (something wrong with prostate, urethra, or bladder)
-Functional: neuro disease, drugs

Question 4

Urethral stricture

Answer 4

Abnormal narrowing of the urethra
-Cystoscopic

Question 5

UTI

Answer 5

-Cause: bacteria
-Women
-Strong, persistent urge to urinate
-Burning sensation
-Passing frequent, small amounts of urine
-Cloudy, strong smelling urine

Question 6

Types of UTI

Answer 6

-Acute pyelonephritis (infection of kidneys)
-Cystitis
-Urethritis

Question 7

Glomerulus

Answer 7

Filter

Question 8

Glomerular diseases

Answer 8

-Damage glomeruli allow protein and RBCs to leak into urine
-Interferes with the clearance of waste products

Question 9

Proteinuria

Answer 9

Foamy urine

Question 10

Hematuria

Answer 10

Pink or cola colored

Question 11

Reduced glomerular filtration rate

Answer 11

Inefficient filtering of wastes from the blood

Question 12

Acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN)

Answer 12

-Occurs 1-2 weeks after strep infection
-Children 3 to 7
-Immune system overproduces antibodies

Question 13

Autoimmune diseases

Answer 13

-Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): women
-Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis: young men

Question 14

Nephrotic syndrome

Answer 14

-Protein losses
-Dark, frothy urine
-heavy loss of protein in urine