Anesthetic and Anesthesia Flashcards
are substances which when applied about the nerve terminals or nerve fibers prevent conduction of both sensory and motor in axons and dendrites
local anesthetic
the first local anesthetic discovered is?
cocaine
is a state characterized by reversible loss of perception of pain or other motor response to stimuli in a local or regional part of the body and is not accompanied by loss of consciousness
local or regional anesthesia
types of local anesthesia
- surface or topical
- infiltration
- peripheral
- spinal
- epidural
skin and mucous membrane
surface or topical
directly into skin or deeper structures
infiltration
the area immediately surrounding the nerve or group of nerves
peripheral
into CSF of the spinal subarachnoid space
spinal
epidural space of the spinal canal posterior to the end of the spinal canal
epidural
refers to peripheral nerve block, spinal and epidural anesthesia
regional anesthesia
Chemical structure of most useful anesthetics has 3 parts. what are these?
- aromatic ring
- intermediate chain
- amino group
are weak bases
local anesthetics
amino ester agents
- procaine
- chloroprocaine
- tetracaine
- cocaine
amino amide agents
- lidocaine
- mepivacaine
- bupivacaine
- etidocaine
- prilocaine
- dibucaine
most versatile, high potency, rapid onset, moderate duration of action
lidocaine
