common diseases Flashcards

1
Q

nutritional secondary hyperPTH is caused by

A

low Ca- poor diet, no UV, low temp

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2
Q

clinical signs of nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism

A
  • soft mandible
  • Small/Weak grip
  • Lethargy/Anorexia
  • Moribund
  • Usually under 1 year of age
  • Beardies, iguanas, leopard geckos

from low Ca- poor diet, no UV, low temp

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3
Q

Calcium can go

A
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4
Q

how to treat nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism

A

Correct husbandry

  • Proper UV light
  • If the right time of year, add unfiltered sunlight
  • Increase basking temperature

Diet

  • increase Ca:P 2:1- dark leafy greens

Meds:
* oral calcium
* fluids
* calcitonin- if Ca back to normal

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5
Q

kidney disease in reptiles are caused by

A

renal 2nd hyperPTH
gout

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6
Q

clinical signs of renal 2nd hyperPTN

A

anorexia/lethargic
muscle fasiculations
increased drinking
middle or older

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7
Q

CBC/chem for renal 2nd hyperPTH

A

↑ phos
↓ calicum
Ca:P less than 2:1
uric acid likely normal
anemia- pale

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8
Q

how to treat renal 2nd hyperPTH

A

correct dehydration
* fluids
* adjust humidity/bathing
* increase vegis

Decrease phos
* aluminum/mg hydroxide
* IV/IO fluids
* change poor diet
* increase temp= increase GFR

Nutritional support, manage anemia

Cimetidine might help

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9
Q

gout is — depositions in joints, soft tissues and/or organs

A

uric acid crystals

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10
Q

how to treat gout

A

NSAID
allopurinol- decreases uric acid production
fluid and nutritional suport
euthanasia

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11
Q

clinical signs of pre-ovulatory follicular stasis

A
  • Digging at cage for hours at a time
  • Anorexia but many times not lethargic- low Ca- used up in eggs
  • May see twitching of head/legs
  • Species specific changes- Bluish marks veiled chameleon
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12
Q

how to treat pre-ovulatory follicular stasis

A
  • Nutritional and fluid support as needed
  • Calcium supplementation- Uterine contraction/egg formation
  • Provide place to lay
  • Improve husbandry
  • Warm water soaks

If prolonged anorexia
* Surgery
* Pharyngostomy tube

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13
Q

post ovulatory eggs clinical signs

A

same as pre-follicular

  • Digging at cage for hours at a time
  • Anorexia but many times not lethargic
  • May see twitching of head/legs- from low Ca
  • Species specific changes: Bluish marks veiled chameleon
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14
Q

treatment for bladder stones

A

surgery
improve hydration
decrease Calcium

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15
Q
A

shell rot
* poor water quality
* C/S
* systemic antibiotics
* dilute betadine
* dry dock

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16
Q

stomatitis is —

A

mouth rot

17
Q

how to treat stomatitis

A

mouth rot

  • dilute betadine
  • systemic antibiotics
  • correct husbandry
18
Q

how to treat aural abscesses

A

otitis media/interna

  • poor water quality
  • poor diet: low vit A

Treatment:
* Incise tympanum
* Remove abscess & culture
* Systemic antibiotics
* Address water quality & diet
* May need repeat debridement

19
Q

what can cause aural abscesses

A
  • poor water quality
  • poor diet: low vit A
20
Q

what can cause pneumonia in turtle

A

Poor water quality
Low POTZ

turtle swimming at tilt

21
Q

treatment for pneumonia in turtle

A
  • Increase temp a couple of degrees above POTZ →Induces a “fever”
  • Address water quality
  • Systemic antibiotics
  • Follow with radiographs during tx
22
Q

what can cause pneumonia in snakes

A

unsanitary environment
low temp

  • breathing +/- bubbles
23
Q

treatment for snakes with pneumonia

A
  • Increase temp a couple of degrees above POTZ→ induces a “fever”
  • Address cleanliness of environment
  • Systemic antibiotics
  • Follow with radiographs during treatment
24
Q

which parasite control can NOT be used in turtles

A

ivermectin

25
Q
A

too much high calorie foods

  • can not be reversed
  • adjust diet