amphibians

Question 1

amphibians: larval forms eat:

Answer 1

omnivores
adult carnivorous

Question 2

amphibians: adults eat

Answer 2

omnivores
adult carnivorous

Question 3

what gloves for amphibians

Answer 3

nitrile- latex can be toxic

Question 4

respiratory amphibians adult

Answer 4

skin- primary organ for gas exchange

Question 5

The permeability of the skin makes amphibians particularly susceptible to systemic intoxication by — especially by cleaning solutions or human hands. This also makes the transdermal route a good option for — delivery of pharmaceutical

Answer 5

contact
systemic

Question 6

Amphibian skin allows for —- of topically applied medications including anesthetics and ophthalmic preparations making — a useful route of systemic medication.

Answer 6

systemic absorption

transdermal administration

Question 7

Gastric foreign bodies are common when — substrate is used.

Answer 7

gravel

Question 8

Obesity in amphibians is due to

Answer 8

overfeeding and high-fat diets

Question 9

Hypocalcemia is due to —; can lead to skeletal deformities (e.g. kyphosis, scoliosis, angular limb deformities) and pathologic fractures

Answer 9

calcium-deficient diets and inverse Ca:P ratios, potentially due to
hypomagnesemia

Question 10

short tongue is caused by

Answer 10

hypo vit A

Question 11

rhabdias (lung worms) are spread

Answer 11

poor hygiene, can reinfect by larva pentrating the skin

• need to clean cage and treat with ivermectin

Question 12

saprolegniasis is spread by

Answer 12

water mold

• poor water quality
• poor hygieve
• primary skin damage

Question 13

treatment for saprolegniasis

Answer 13

water mold

requires correcting husbandry plus therapeutic baths with salinity, benzalkonium chloride, copper sulfate, potassium permanganate.

Question 14

red leg syndrome is caused by

Answer 14

poor hygiene, high ambient temperatures, and stress (e.g. from excessive noise, light, visibility, high stocking density).

• bunch of bacteria

Question 15

which chytridiomcosis are reportable

Answer 15

Chytridiomycosis (both Bd and Bsal) is a reportable disease to the World Organization of Animal Health.

Question 16

— is commonly associated with vertebral osteomyelitis in snakes, as well as necrotizing enteritis, granulomatous hepatitis, and proliferative osteomyelitis in all species.

Answer 16

Salmonella

Question 17

when is salmonella shed

Answer 17

in all poop
* does not tell you active infection- need blood culture and clinical signs

Question 18

treatment for salmonella

Answer 18

First line empirical therapy includes systemic aminoglycoside antibiotics, although antibiotic use should be driven by the results of culture and sensitivity since multi-drug resistant strains of Salmonella are encountered clinically

Question 19

fecal + salmonella no symptoms

treat?

Answer 19

no

Question 20

— are small, gram positive rods. Disease has been reported in many agamids and
iguanids, but desert agamids such as Uromastyx spp. (spiny-tailed lizards) are considered highly susceptible

Answer 20

Devrieseffa

Question 21

Devriesea is carried by

Answer 21

bearded dragons