common diseases

Question 1

nutritional secondary hyperPTH is caused by

Answer 1

low Ca- poor diet, no UV, low temp

Question 2

clinical signs of nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism

Answer 2

• soft mandible
• Small/Weak grip
• Lethargy/Anorexia
• Moribund
• Usually under 1 year of age
• Beardies, iguanas, leopard geckos

from low Ca- poor diet, no UV, low temp

Question 3

Calcium can go

Answer 3

Question 4

how to treat nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism

Answer 4

Correct husbandry

• Proper UV light
• If the right time of year, add unfiltered sunlight
• Increase basking temperature

Diet

• increase Ca:P 2:1- dark leafy greens

Meds:
* oral calcium
* fluids
* calcitonin- if Ca back to normal

Question 5

kidney disease in reptiles are caused by

Answer 5

renal 2nd hyperPTH
gout

Question 6

clinical signs of renal 2nd hyperPTN

Answer 6

anorexia/lethargic
muscle fasiculations
increased drinking
middle or older

Question 7

CBC/chem for renal 2nd hyperPTH

Answer 7

↑ phos
↓ calicum
Ca:P less than 2:1
uric acid likely normal
anemia- pale

Question 8

how to treat renal 2nd hyperPTH

Answer 8

correct dehydration
* fluids
* adjust humidity/bathing
* increase vegis

Decrease phos
* aluminum/mg hydroxide
* IV/IO fluids
* change poor diet
* increase temp= increase GFR

Nutritional support, manage anemia

Cimetidine might help

Question 9

gout is — depositions in joints, soft tissues and/or organs

Answer 9

uric acid crystals

Question 10

how to treat gout

Answer 10

NSAID
allopurinol- decreases uric acid production
fluid and nutritional suport
euthanasia

Question 11

clinical signs of pre-ovulatory follicular stasis

Answer 11

• Digging at cage for hours at a time
• Anorexia but many times not lethargic- low Ca- used up in eggs
• May see twitching of head/legs
• Species specific changes- Bluish marks veiled chameleon

Question 12

how to treat pre-ovulatory follicular stasis

Answer 12

• Nutritional and fluid support as needed
• Calcium supplementation- Uterine contraction/egg formation
• Provide place to lay
• Improve husbandry
• Warm water soaks

If prolonged anorexia
* Surgery
* Pharyngostomy tube

Question 13

post ovulatory eggs clinical signs

Answer 13

same as pre-follicular

• Digging at cage for hours at a time
• Anorexia but many times not lethargic
• May see twitching of head/legs- from low Ca
• Species specific changes: Bluish marks veiled chameleon

Question 14

treatment for bladder stones

Answer 14

surgery
improve hydration
decrease Calcium

Question 15

Answer 15

shell rot
* poor water quality
* C/S
* systemic antibiotics
* dilute betadine
* dry dock

Question 16

stomatitis is —

Answer 16

mouth rot

Question 17

how to treat stomatitis

Answer 17

mouth rot

• dilute betadine
• systemic antibiotics
• correct husbandry

Question 18

how to treat aural abscesses

Answer 18

otitis media/interna

• poor water quality
• poor diet: low vit A

Treatment:
* Incise tympanum
* Remove abscess & culture
* Systemic antibiotics
* Address water quality & diet
* May need repeat debridement

Question 19

what can cause aural abscesses

Answer 19

• poor water quality
• poor diet: low vit A

Question 20

what can cause pneumonia in turtle

Answer 20

Poor water quality
Low POTZ

turtle swimming at tilt

Question 21

treatment for pneumonia in turtle

Answer 21

• Increase temp a couple of degrees above POTZ →Induces a “fever”
• Address water quality
• Systemic antibiotics
• Follow with radiographs during tx

Question 22

what can cause pneumonia in snakes

Answer 22

unsanitary environment
low temp

• breathing +/- bubbles

Question 23

treatment for snakes with pneumonia

Answer 23

• Increase temp a couple of degrees above POTZ→ induces a “fever”
• Address cleanliness of environment
• Systemic antibiotics
• Follow with radiographs during treatment

Question 24

which parasite control can NOT be used in turtles

Answer 24

ivermectin

Question 25

Answer 25

too much high calorie foods

• can not be reversed
• adjust diet