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Anatomy Exam 5 (Final) > Skeletal Muscle > Flashcards

Skeletal Muscle Flashcards

1
Q

what type of muscle is being described?

many nuclei, striations, very big, has voluntary control, and is somatic innervation

A

Skeletal Muscle

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2
Q

what type of muscle is being described?

striations, nuculi, intercalated discs, no voluntary control, innervation is autonomic

A

Cardiac muscle

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3
Q

what type of muscle is being described?

no striations, singular nuclei, no voluntary control, innervation is autonomic

A

Smooth muscle

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4
Q

What are functions of skeletal muscle (5)

A
  1. movement and posture
  2. support of soft tissue
  3. regulate entry of food and exit of waste products
  4. thermoregulation

**Allow us to breathe by contraction of the diaphragm

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5
Q

What do muscle fibers begin as?

A

Myoblasts

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6
Q

What is the term called when some myoblasts do not fuse together?

A

Myosatellites

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7
Q

Connective tissue that is superficial and covers the whole muscle

A

Epimysium

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8
Q

Connective tissue that is intermediate and covers muscle fascicles

A

Perimysium

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9
Q

Connective tissue that is deep and covers individual fibers

A

Endomysium

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10
Q

Middle of sarcomere is called

A

M line

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11
Q

end of sarcomere is called

A

Z disc

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12
Q

this is where no overlap is present from the thin and thick filaments. Just the thick filament

A

H zone

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13
Q

the entire length of the thick filament is called the

A

A band

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14
Q

No overlap from the thick and thin filaments. Just the thin filaments are present

A

I band

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15
Q

What is the long protein called that attaches to the Thick Filament

A

Titin or Connectin

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16
Q

What is the thick filaments predominant protein?

A

Myosin

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17
Q

What is the thin filaments predominant protein?

A

Actin

18
Q

What is the protein called that covers myosin binding sites on g-actin molecules

A

Tropomyosin

19
Q

What is it called: three separate proteins; binds tropomyosin and Calcium

A

Troponin

20
Q

What is the basic unit of a contractile muscle fiber called

A

sarcomere

21
Q

what are the two main PROTEIN filaments that a sarcomere is composed of. which are active structures responsible for muscle contraction

A

Actin and Myosin

22
Q

Region between 2 z discs

A

Sarcomere

23
Q

How is muscle contraction produced?

A

Neurotransmitter, ACh gets to the muscle cell, ATP is produced, which elevated Calcium levels, and contraction occurs

24
Q

What percentage do Myofibrils account for inside the cell?

A

80%

25
Q

What are myofibrils surrounded by?

Think of mani’s marker and glove example

A

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

26
Q

What is the sarcoplasmic reticulum example Mani gave us?

A

Glove wrapped around many markers, which resembled the myofibrils and the SR

27
Q

the pump that transports calcium ions from the cytoplasm into the sarcoplasmic reticulum

A

SERA

28
Q

T-Tubules are ____ of the cell and sit ___ of the SR

A

Inside, On top

29
Q

myofibrils contain:

A

thick and thin filaments

30
Q

Thick filaments are contained of myosin which then have ( ) conformation

A

high or low

31
Q

The myosin head allows for what to bind?

A

ATP and actin binding site

32
Q

What is the rod shaped protein that sits on top of myosin binding sites?

A

Tropomyosin

33
Q

Trimetric complex (TnI,TnC,TnT) are from

A

Troponin

34
Q

do thick and thin filaments change shape? if no, what do they do

A

No

they slide over one another (Sliding Filament Theory)

35
Q

Myosin pushes ___ filament over the ____ filament

A

thin over the thick

36
Q

When the sliding of the filaments occur. What disappears?

A

H zone

37
Q

How long will the cross bridging continue?

A

As long as the calcium levels remain high

38
Q

how are sliding filaments caused?

A

A series of attachment and detachment cycles of myosin heads on actin binding sites

39
Q

in a resting state does TnC have calcium bound to it?

A

no

40
Q

how does Rigor Mortis occur? (Stiffness after death)

A

due to the depletion of ATP in muscles, therefore causing actin and myosin unable to detach from one another (Constant contraction)

41
Q

During sliding filament theory – as the area shrinks what happens to the bands/zones

A

H and I zones get smaller

A zone does not change

HOW? Calcium

Anatomy Exam 5 (Final) (5 decks)

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