Hormones

Question 1

What are the ten endocrine glands in the body

Answer 1

Hypothalamus
Pituitary
Pineal
Thyroid
Parathyroid
Thymus
Adrenals
Pancreas
Ovaries
Testes

Question 2

What is hormone-target cell specificity

Answer 2

•Although all major hormones circulate to virtually all tissues, a given hormone influences the activity of only certain tissue, cells- referred to as target cells/tissues
•There are specific protein receptors on target cells for hormonal responses e.g, receptors for ACTH are normally found on certain cells of the adrenal cortex,
•By contrast, thyroxine is the principal hormonal stimulant of cellular metabolism, and nearly all body cells have thyroxine receptors

Question 3

What is the most crucial first step in hormonal reactions

Answer 3

Hormone-receptor binding

Question 4

What does the extent of target cell activation by hormone by hormone receptor interaction depend on

Answer 4

Blood levels of hormones
The restive numbers of receptors present
The affinity (strength) of the hormone receptor complex

Question 5

What are the functions of hormones

Answer 5

Reproduction
Growth and development
Mobilization of body defenses against stressors
Maintenance of electrolytes, water and nutrient balance
Regulation of cellular metabolism and energy balance