Social Renaissance Unit Flashcards
Worldview
-Collection of beliefs about life and the universe held by an individual or group
-Society, time, geography, beliefs, values, knowledge, economy
Conflict in Middle Ages
Peasants Revolt: war broke out between Britain & France, taxes increased which caused people to revolt
Black Death: plague in Europe, millions died & caused people to question faith
-Church declines in power, rise of individuality & education, increase in trade
Feudal System / Renaissance Hierarchy
-Based on land, loyalty, & duty
King: rule & protect kingdom, gives lands to lords,
Lords: protects peasants, collect taxes from manor, own & control who lives on land
Knights: protect kingdom, get land from lords
Peasants: take care of land, pay taxes, obey lord
Church Hierarchy
Pope - Cardinals - Archbishops - Bishops - Priests - Catholics
-Crucial to life, had to obey church respect priest, pay tithe
Worldviews in (Pre) Renaissance
Middle Ages: based on superstition, church teachings, & lack of education
Renaissance: rebirth of classical thinking, architecture, art
Humanism
-New way of thinking in Europe that centers humans & their values, worths, interests, needs, & welfare
Civic Humanism: believed being responsible citizen meant educating yourself in history politics, and working to improve society
Humanists
Da Vinci- artists who believed/used mathematic principles
Vesalius- professor who dissected bodies in front of students
Ptolemy- astronomer who introduced idea of universe
Kepler, Galilei, Copernicus- astronomers that made discoveries centering the idea of a universe
Martin Luther
-Humanist that decided bible should be christens true spiritual guide
-Distributed & wrote 95 Thesis criticizing the church
-Published protestant translation of bible in vernacular
-Resulted in church questioning its authority (started converting others)
Silk Road
-Network of trade routes that spread silks, spices, diseased, culture, and ideas
Marco Polo- traveled entire Silk Road and kept account of his travels
Portuguese Explorers
Prince Henry- Portuguese navigator & patron who sponsored voyages along African coast
Dias: led Portuguesa expedition around Cape Town before crew went against him
De Gama: established route to east & returned with cargo of spices (made Portuguese more powerful)
Factors
-Gold, glory, god
-Curiosity, commerce, conquest, Christianity
Explorers
Christopher Columbus- Italian explorer who was 1 of 1st Europeans to come to Americas (thought he found Asia)
Ferdinand Magellan- Portuguese explorer credited with 1st person to circumnavigate world
Chapter 6 Conflicts
Treaty of Tordesillas- secret treaty that divided world between Portugal & Spain
Treasures- countries provided Spain with gold, England attacked & took these treasures from Spanish ships
Imperialism- Spain, France, Netherlands, England gained power through imperalism
Chapter 6 People
Bartolome- Spanish who wrote about crimes committed against Indigenous
Waman Puma- person with mixed background that re-recorded history of his Indigenous side
