Hemedeck_14325469 Flashcards

1
Q

3 main sites of hematopoesis during conception and early fetal months

A

yolk sac, liver, spleen

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2
Q

Adult Bones Hematopoesis, acrynom

A

SSPRVSkull, SternumPelvis, Ribs, Vertebrae

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3
Q

Heme needs these two things

A

iron and protoporhyrin

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4
Q

Protein that transports Fe

A

transferrin

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5
Q

Major storage form of iron

A

Ferritin

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6
Q

Long term storage of insoluble Fe

A

Hemosiderin

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7
Q

Enzyme def w/build up of heme precursors is called

A

porhyrias

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8
Q

While in the DELTA, POR UR COP PRONTO a cup of HEME

A

Heme Precursors

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9
Q

Hmg F % in newborns versus adults

A

newborn 60-90adults 1

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10
Q

Hmg A in adultsversus newborns

A

adults 97newborns 10-40

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11
Q

Hmg A2 in both adults and newborns

A

2%

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12
Q

Gower I/II, Portland Hmg in…

A

embryonic

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13
Q

In Hmg oxy diss curve, oxygen is released or not released in a shift to the left

A

not releasedNo, won’t let go

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14
Q

In Hmg oxy diss curve, oxygen is released or not released in a shift to the right

A

releasedwon’t hold tight

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15
Q

To determine Hmg, the oxidation of hmg to methmg is done with these two reagents

A

KCN and KFerricyanide

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16
Q

HCT % NVMale Female

A

Male 47 +-5Female 42 +-5

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17
Q

Diluent used for WBC/PLT CT

A

1% Ammonium Oxalate

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18
Q

Calculation of cell ctsvolume cal by

A

cells x 1/vol x DFvol: 1mmx1mmx0.1mm x #squares

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19
Q

MCV formula

A

HCT/RBC x 10

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20
Q

MCV NV

A

80-100fL

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21
Q

MCH formula

A

HGB/RBC x 10

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22
Q

MCH NV

A

28-32pg

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23
Q

MCHC formula

A

HGB/HCT x 100

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24
Q

MCHC NV

A

32-36 g/dL

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25
Q

RDW-CW formula

A

SDx100/Mean

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26
Q

RDW NV

A

11.5-14.5%

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27
Q

.

A

.

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28
Q

RBC reffemalemale

A

female 3.8-5.2male 4.5-6.1

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29
Q

Seg ref

A

45-70

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30
Q

Lymp ref

A

20-40

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31
Q

mono ref

A

3-10

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32
Q

baso

A

0-2

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33
Q

eos

A

0-3

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34
Q

plt ref

A

150-400

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35
Q

Romanowsky stain also called

A

Wright stain

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36
Q

4 things in wrights stain

A

methanol, phosphate buffer, eosin, methylene blue

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37
Q

Calculation of absolute values

A

Relative% x total cell ct

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38
Q

TB, Syphilis, Malignancies associated with what kind of cell

A

monocytes

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39
Q

Hypersegmented neutrophils ass with

A

megaloblastic anemia

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40
Q

Hyposegmented neu ass with

A

pelger huet

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41
Q

bacterial infections, burns, chemo ass with what 2 white cell morphologies

A

toxic granulation and vaculoles

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42
Q

Bacterial infections, burns, and May Hegglin ass with what white cell morph

A

Dohle bodies

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43
Q

Varient lymphs ass with

A

IM, viral infections

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44
Q

WBC correct calculation for NRBCS

A

wbc x100/100 + nrbcs

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45
Q

Abetalipoproteinemia and severe liver disease ass with what rbc shape

A

acanthocyte

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46
Q

uremia and artifacts cause what kind of rbc shape

A

echinocyte, burr

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47
Q

DIC causes what rbc shape

A

shisto

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48
Q

HJ bodies composed of

A

DNA

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49
Q

Baso stip composed of

A

RNA

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50
Q

Pappenheimber bodies made of

A

Iron

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51
Q

Heinz bodies made of

A

denatured precipitated hemoglobin

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52
Q

cabot ring made of

A

left over mitotic spindle

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53
Q

Which rbc inclusion is not seen with wright stain

A

Heinz bodies

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54
Q

Heinz bodies ass with what deficiency

A

G6PD

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55
Q

Kind of rbc inclusion with thall and lead

A

baso stip

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56
Q

Rule of 3

A

RBC x 3=Hmgx3=Hct

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57
Q

Increased MCV/MCHC and decreased RBC are ass with

A

cold agg disease

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58
Q

What replaces glutamic acid in the 6th position of the beta chain in Hmg C

A

Lysine

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59
Q

What replaces glutamic acid in the 6th position of the beta chain in Hmg S

A

Valine

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60
Q

Hmg A chains

A

2 alpha2 beta

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61
Q

Hmg A2 chains

A

2 alpha2 delta

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62
Q

Hmg F chains

A

2 alpha2 gamma

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63
Q

Order from fastest to slowest in cellulose acetate

A

A, F, S, A2/C

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64
Q

Two reagents usedin solubility test of Hmg S

A

saponin and sodium dithionite

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65
Q

ESR Female

A

0-20mm

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66
Q

ESR male

A

0-15mm

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67
Q

ESR show increase in these two plasma proteins

A

fibrinogen and globulin

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68
Q

2 Factors that increase ESR

A

tilting, increase temp

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69
Q

3 factors that decrease ESR

A

decrease temp, old, excess EDTA

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70
Q

supravital Stain for retic ct

A

new methylene blue

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71
Q

Retic ct monitors

A

etrythropoiesis

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72
Q

Retic ct % calculation

A

retics/10

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73
Q

Absolute retic

A

RBCs x retic%

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74
Q

corrected retic ct (corrects for HCT)

A

retic % x PT HCT/45

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75
Q

retic ref

A

0.5-1.5%

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76
Q

RPI

A

corrected retic/maturation time of 2

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77
Q

M:E ratio

A

3:1-4:1

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78
Q

Stain for bone marrow

A

romanowsky

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79
Q

Cellulose acetate ph8.6, anode/slowest to fastest

A

-C/A2, S, F, A+

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80
Q

Cellulose acetate ph8.6, cathode/fastest to slowest

A

+A, F, S, C/A2-

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81
Q

.

A

.

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82
Q

Citrate agar ph6.2 cathod to anode

A

+C,S,A,F-

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83
Q

Hmg D seen in what race, migrates with

A

East indian, S

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84
Q

Hmg E seen with what race, migrates with

A

Southeast asian, C

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85
Q

Hmg G seen with what race, migrates with

A

African, S

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86
Q

Reducing agent in Sickle Dex

A

sodium di-thionite

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87
Q

What confirms s positive sickle screen

A

hmg electrophoresis

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88
Q

Which electrophoresis separates S

A

citrate agar ph6.2

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89
Q

Lead and Thall trait are what kind of anemias

A

microcytic/hypochromic

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90
Q

IDA and Chronic dis/infla what kind of anemia

A

micro/hypo

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91
Q

In IDA, all Iron studies are low except for

A

TIBC

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92
Q

Three causes of macrocytic anemia

A

B12 def, folate def, liver disease/alcholism

93
Q

What does G6PD have that PK doesn’t

A

Heinz bodies

94
Q

.

A

.

95
Q

G6PD def and HbH uses this stain/prep

A

Heinz body prep

96
Q

Test for PCH, IgG, Anti-P Biphasic

A

Donath Landsteiner TEst

97
Q

Condition with large Azurophilic granules, mucooplysaccharies (Hunter, Hurler)

A

Alder Reily

98
Q

Condition with large lysosomes/fushion of primary granules

A

Chediak-Higashi

99
Q

Condition with large PLTs, decreased PLTS, Dohle bodies in seg/mono/lymph

A

MayHegglin

100
Q

Condition with hyposegmented polys

A

PelgerHuet

101
Q

Dry tap is seen in which condition

A

primary myelofibrosis

102
Q

Decreased LAP, Ph chromosome in what condition

A

CML

103
Q

JAK2 seen in what condition

A

Polycythemia Vera

104
Q

Which reaction has toxic granules and Dohle bodies

A

Leukemoid

105
Q

WHO acute leukemia how many blasts in BM

A

> 20%

106
Q

Leukemia seen with soccer ball nucleus

A

CLL

107
Q

Lymphoma associated with EBV, HIV

A

Burkitt

108
Q

Lymphoma associated with Reed Sternberg cell

A

Hodgkin

109
Q

Myeloma with bone involvement, IgG and Bence Jones in urine

A

Multiple myeloma

110
Q

Condition with IgM, increased serum viscosity and normal bone

A

Waldenstrom

111
Q

Prussion blue stains

A

iron

112
Q

LAP in CML

A

decreased

113
Q

LAP in Leukamoid rxn

A

increased

114
Q

TRAP tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase for what condition

A

Hairy cell leukemia

115
Q

Auer rods in

A

AMLacute myeloid leukemia

116
Q

BM macrophages have wrinkled/striated cyto with accumulation of glucocerebrosidease

A

Gaucher

117
Q

BM macrophages w/globular or foamy cyto, sea-blue histiocytes with sphingomyelinase

A

Niemann-Pick

118
Q

Stain for AML, myelogenous cells for nonspecific/specific granules

A

Sudan black B

119
Q

Stain for glycogen deposits in liver, fungi, and blasts in ALL

A

PASperiodic acid-Schiff

120
Q

What is added to stabilize WBC when there’s smudge cells causing WBC cts to not match

A

22% bovine albumin

121
Q

DF of PLT CT with sodium citrate

A

1.1

122
Q

Which inclusion isn’t stained with WRights

A

Heinz bodies, uses NMB

123
Q

Peroxidase stains which cell lines…excluding…

A

myelos, monosexcluding lymphs

124
Q

NASDA/Naf used for which leukemia

A

AMML

125
Q

PAS pos in

A

ALL

126
Q

TRAP pos for whic leukemia

A

hairy cell

127
Q

Two names for NRBCs

A

metarubricyteorthochromic normoblast

128
Q

Two names for retic

A

reticulocytepolychromatophilic erythrocyte

129
Q

1.)Rubriblast2.)Pro-rubricyte3.)Rubricyte4.)Meta-rubricyte5.)Reticulocyte6.)RBC

A

1.)Pro-2.)Basophilic-3.)Polychromatophilic-4.)Orthochromic- -normoblast5.)Polychromatophillic erythrocyte6.)RBC

130
Q

Male Hmg

A

14-18

131
Q

female hmg

A

12-15

132
Q

neonate hmg

A

19

133
Q

toddler hmg

A

11-13

134
Q

IDAiron, ferritin…TIBC/transferrin…

A

iron lowferritin lowTIBC/transferin high

135
Q

Anemia of chroniciron, TIBC…ferritin…

A

iron/TIBC lowferritin high

136
Q

2 names for target

A

codocyte, leptocyte

137
Q

Target, baso stip, tears in

A

thallasemia

138
Q

sugar water test, sucrose hemolysis, and acidified serum test associated with

A

PCH

139
Q

Smudge cells seen in which leukemia

A

CLL

140
Q

increased sml, mature lymphs and smudge what leukemia

A

CLL

141
Q

Condition with giant, bizarre PLTs, NRBCs, teardrop, pancytopenia

A

myelofibrosis

142
Q

Condition thats a subtype of AML, PLTs and WBC decreased

A

erythroleukemia

143
Q

Sydrome where decrease in alpha granules and there is a release in proteins that cause myelofibrosis

A

gray PLT syndrome

144
Q

Factor 12 actived by

A

subendothelium

145
Q

Vik K dependent factors and what group

A

2,7,9,10 Prothrombin

146
Q

Factors in fibrinogen group

A

158-13

147
Q

Factors in contact group

A

11,12PK,HMWK

148
Q

Serine proteases

A

2,7 9,10,11,12

149
Q

70% of PLTs are in…30% PLTs are in…

A

70 % blood30 % in spleen

150
Q

Adhesion requires what factor

A

VWF

151
Q

What stimulates PLT change in shape

A

ADP

152
Q

What links the PLTs together after being stimulated by ADP

A

fibrinogen

153
Q

What inhibits active plasmin

A

alpha 2 plasmin inhibitor

154
Q

Action of plasmin on fibrin

A

cleaves fibrin into X, Y, D, E fragments

155
Q

3 clot busters

A

streptkinaseurokinaseTPA

156
Q

WB:anticoag ratio

A

9:1

157
Q

Screen for extrinsic/common, monifors oral anticoag like warfarin/coumarin

A

PT

158
Q

PT ref, INR ref goal

A

<13 secINR. 2.0-3.5

159
Q

Screen for intrinsic,commonmonitors heparin

A

APTT

160
Q

APTT ref range

A

20-40sec

161
Q

Fibrinogen factor and ref range

A

Factor 1200-400 mg/dL

162
Q

Coag test that doesn’t measure intrinsic/extrinsic but is affected by decreased fibrinogen levels and heparin

A

TT

163
Q

TT ref

A

<20sec

164
Q

Coag test that measures PLT fnc/#s

A

BT

165
Q

PFA measures PLT fnc with theses three aggregating agents

A

collagen, ADP, epi

166
Q

Rapid dissolution of clot indicates increased fibrinolytic activity in this condition

A

DIC

167
Q

No clot retration indicates

A

Glanzmann thrombasthenia

168
Q

Aspirin inhibits 2ndary wave of aggregation by destroying….

A

cyclooxygenase

169
Q

Two adhesion disorders that have abnormal ristocetin agg

A

BSvWD

170
Q

BS is differentiated from vWD by these two things related to PLTs

A

BS has decreased PLTS and giant PLTSD

171
Q

PLT disorder with normal PLT #/morph but abnormal aggregation and abnormal with all aggregating agents

A

Glanzmann

172
Q

DRVVT activates factor… and is prolonged in presence of this anticoagluant

A

Factor 10Lupus anticoag

173
Q

Assay that monitors LMWH

A

anti-factor 10a

174
Q

Test similar to TT, uses snke venom enzyme,and is not inhibited by heparin

A

Reptilase time

175
Q

Repitilase time ref

A

18-22sec

176
Q

Another name for primary myelofibrosis

A

myeloid metaplasia

177
Q

Myeloid metaplasia can have increased… and thus have…

A

increased uric acid and have gout

178
Q

BM condition where theres increased plasma cells, marked roleaux, and relative/absolute lymphocytosis

A

WMWaldenstroms macrobulemia

179
Q

Kind of leukemia with B cell neoplasms, increase in small/mature lymphs, and smudge cells

A

CLLchronic lymphocytic leukemia

180
Q

Leukemia with no peroxidase activity and positive PAS

A

ALL

181
Q

Leukemia with increased baso/eos in early stages

A

CML

182
Q

Xa-Vaphospholipid-Ca complex is called what

A

prothrombinase complex

183
Q

What cleaves fibrin into soluble fragments X/Y,D/E

A

plasmin

184
Q

Which protein inhibitor inactivates/degrades F5,8?

A

Protein C

185
Q

Which protein is a cofactor and accelerates Protein C

A

Protein S

186
Q

Which factors are inactivated by Protein C

A

Factor 5,8

187
Q

Which protein is the primary inhibitor of the fibrinolytic system and inhibits plasmin

A

alpha 2 antiplasmin

188
Q

What is the principal inhibitor that neuralizes thrombin, F10, and all serine proteases?

A

antithrombin III

189
Q

Most frequently acquired inherited inhibitor leading to factor deficiency?

A

anti-8APTT mixing study to testusually w/Hem A/B therapy

190
Q

Which inhibitor inactivates coag factors thru phospholipids

A

lupus like anticoaglupus anticoagprolong APTT, no factor def or bleeding

191
Q

What is the cause of 25yr old male who has a normal PT and INR, but an increased APTT thats not corrected by a mixing study

A

circulating anticoagulant possibly lupus anticoag

192
Q

Most common inherited bleeding disorder with decreased F9/vWF, prolonged APTT, and normal PLT CT

A

vWDissue isn’t with number of PLT but can’t adhere to collagen

193
Q

DDAVP and cryo used to treat

A

vWD

194
Q

Trauma, prego issues, liver disease/hepatitis, cancer/leukemia, sepsis, drugs all can cause

A

DIC

195
Q

PT/INR, PTT, D-dimer all increased and fibrinogen decreased in

A

DIC

196
Q

PT/INR, PTT slight increase with slight decrease in fibrinogen is

A

liver disease

197
Q

2 labile coag factors

A

5,8

198
Q

Coag factors most indicative of severve liver disease

A

1,5

199
Q

plasma fibrinogen nv

A

300-400mg/dl

200
Q

Xmas factor

A

9IX

201
Q

hereditary condition with decreased PLT production and Dohle bodies

A

May Hegglin anomaly

202
Q

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura has less PLTs due to…

A

PLT destruction

203
Q

VWD, Glanzmann, aspirin all have what kind of PLT counts

A

normal

204
Q

BS has what kind of PLT CT

A

decreased

205
Q

vWD and BS are what kind of PLT issue

A

adhesion

206
Q

Glanzmann and aspirin cause what kind of PLT issue

A

aggregation

207
Q

Condition with abnormal secondary agg

A

Wiskott-Aldrich

208
Q

F7 def test

A

PT, extrinsic

209
Q

What tests 1,2,5,8,9,10,11,12

A

APTT

210
Q

Test monitors heparin, FSP, fibrinogen issues

A

TT

211
Q

Hemo associated w/F11 and Jews

A

Hemo C

212
Q

Hemo ass. w/8, men

A

Hemo A

213
Q

Hemo ass. w/9, men

A

Hemo B

214
Q

Factor def detected with 5M urea test

A

F13

215
Q

Most common specific factor inhibitor, APTT mixing studies

A

F8 inhibitor

216
Q

Mutant Factor V, resists action of protein c/s

A

factor v leiden

217
Q

drug that blocks ADP receptor(P2Y12)

A

PlavixClopidogrel

218
Q

Drug that inhibits VitK, monitored w/PT/INR

A

Wafarin

219
Q

Drug that inhibits serine protease via AT, monitored with APTT

A

Heparin unfractionated

220
Q

Drug that targets F10a, doesn’t require monitoring

A

LMWH

221
Q

Chains in Gower 1

A

2 zeta, 2 epsilon

222
Q

Chain in Gower 2

A

2 alpha, 2 epsilon

223
Q

Portland chains

A

2 zeta, 2 gamma

224
Q

RBC count calc if 5 squares

A

RBCxDF/0.02

225
Q

Volume of single RBC square

A

0.04

226
Q

Total volume of 5 RBC squares

A

0.2

227
Q

Depth of hemocytometer

A

0.1

228
Q

4 things affect hmg

A

LipemicIctericHigh WBC Lyse resistant hmg SS, CC