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ap psych > intelligence (modules 37-41) > Flashcards

intelligence (modules 37-41) Flashcards

1
Q

intelligence is

A

the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations

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2
Q

general intelligence (g)

A

one intelligence that underlies all mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test

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3
Q

who was charles spearman

A

believed in general intelligence (g) and noted that people often have outstanding abilities, those who score high in one category tend to do well in others

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4
Q

special intelligence (s)

A

the special or outstanding abilities that people may have

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5
Q

factor analysis

A

a statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items(factors) on a test

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6
Q

factor analysis is used…

A

to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie a person’s total score

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7
Q

seven clusters of primary mental abilities

A

perceptual speed,
numerical ability,
inductive reasoning,
memory,
verbal comprehension,
spatial ability,
word fluency,

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8
Q

l.l.thurstone

A

opponent of spearman who identified the seven clusters of primary mental abilities

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9
Q

those who excelled in one of the 7 clusters…

A

generally scored well in the other clusters

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10
Q

howard gardner

A

indentified eight relatively independent intelligences with a possible ninth

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11
Q

gardner’s multiple intelligences

A

linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, intrapersonal, interpersonal, naturalist intelligence

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12
Q

savant syndrome

A

a rare condition in which a person limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing

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13
Q

how does savant syndrome connect to gardner’s multiple intelligences

A

gardner believes that these eight intelligence as individual separate domains and so that if brain damage were to occur, one ability may be destroyed while others stay completely in tact

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14
Q

robert sternberg

A

proposed the triarchic theory of intelligence which includes: analytical, creative, and practical intelligence

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15
Q

analytical intelligence

A

aka academic problem solving intelligence; assessed by intelligence tests with well-defined problems

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16
Q

creative intelligence

A

the ability to adapt to new situations and generate novel ideas

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17
Q

practical intelligence

A

required for everyday tasks that may be poorly defined and may have multiple solutions

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18
Q

while higher intelligence scores are often met with success

A

that is not always the case and success is not a one ingredient recipe

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19
Q

sucess is a combination of

A

talent and grit

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20
Q

grit

A

passion and perseverance in the pursuit of long-term goals

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21
Q

social intelligence

A

the know-how involved in understanding social situations and managing ourselves successfully

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22
Q

emotional intelligence

A

the ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions

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23
Q

the four main abilities of emotional intelligence are

A

perceiving, understanding, managing, and using emotions

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24
Q

emotionally intelligent people tend to find more success in

A

relationship, career, and parenting situations, than more so academically smarter people

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25
Q

intelligence test

A

a method for assessing an individual’s mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores

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26
Q

achievement test

A

test designed to measure what a person has learned

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27
Q

aptitude test

A

a test designed to predict a person’s future skills

28
Q

aptitude

A

the capacity to learn

29
Q

a college entrance exam is an example of an

A

aptitude test

30
Q

an AP exam is an example of an

A

achievement test

31
Q

Francis galton

A

was interested in psychometrics and measuring mind but his research didn’t support his theories. he also believed in eugenics and selective breeding

32
Q

alfred binet

A

created the first intelligence test because the french wanted to be able to better identify which children needed extra support in school

33
Q

mental age

A

the level of performance typically associated with children of a certain chronological age

34
Q

lewis terman

A

stanford university professor who edited binet’s test to extend the range to “superior” adults, creating the standford-binet test

35
Q

william stern

A

created what we know was the IQ or intelligence quotient test

36
Q

intelligence quotient

A

(mental age/ chronological age) x 100

37
Q

stanford binet test

A

the widely used american version of binet’s original test

38
Q

the IQ test worked well for children but

A

did not work well for adults

39
Q

68% of people who took the iq test fell between

A

85 and 115 iq

40
Q

david weschler

A

created WAIS and WISC which are more accurate and more widely used intelligence tests

41
Q

WAIS and WISC include:

A

subtests of finding similarities, vocabulary, block design, letter-number sequencing; it also provides individual scores for certain skills which can help identify disability.

42
Q

standardization

A

defining uniform testing procedures and meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group

43
Q

normal curve

A

the bell shaped curve that describes the distribution of many physical and psychological attributes.

44
Q

reliability

A

the extent to which a test yields consistent results

45
Q

confirming reliability

A

the test is split in half, retested, or given alternative versions; the higher correlation between the two scores means the higher the reliability

46
Q

validity

A

the extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to

47
Q

content validity

A

the extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest

48
Q

predictive validity

A

the success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict

49
Q

cohort

A

a group of people sharing a common characteristic

50
Q

crystallized intelligence

A

our accumulated knowledge and verbal skills; increases with age

51
Q

fluid intelligence

A

our ability to reason speedily and abstractly; decreases with agre

52
Q

cross-sectional study

A

research that compares people of different ages at the same point in time

53
Q

longitudinal study

A

research that flows and retests the same people of overtime

54
Q

intelligence tends to remain

A

stable throughout our whole lifetime

55
Q

those who are more intelligent tend to live healthier longer lives because

A

-intelligence fosters education
-intelligence encourages healthy living
-prenatal events or early childhood illness may affect intelligence
-a well wired body fosters both intelligence and longevity

56
Q

intellectual disability

A

a condition of limited mental ability which means an iq of 70 or lower and the inability to adapt to independent life

57
Q

down syndrome

A

a condition of mild to severe intellectual disability and associated physical disorders caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21

58
Q

gifted

A

iq of 135 or higher with 140 being a genius

59
Q

heritability

A

the proportion of variation among individuals in a group that we can attribute to genes

60
Q

sterotype threat

A

a self confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype

61
Q

interpersonal intelligence

A

ability to work well with and understand others emotionally and socially

62
Q

body-kinesthetic intelligence

A

ability to control body movements and handle objects

63
Q

verbal-linguistic intelligence

A

ability to understand word meanings and sounds

64
Q

musical intelligence

A

ability to produce and understand pitch, tempo, and rhythm

65
Q

visual-spatial intelligence

A

ability to think in images and pictures

66
Q

logical-mathematical

A

ability to think abstractly and see patterns and logic and math

ap psych (13 decks)

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