nervous tissue Flashcards
(Histology of the Nervous System)
Neuron
nerve cell
specialised for signal conduction
information proccessing
(Histology of the Nervous System)
neuroglia cell
support, nourish & protect neurons
neuroglia are critical for maintaining homeostasis of interstitial fluid around neurons
(Structure of a typical motor neuron)
cell body
nucleus, cytoplasm with typical organelles
(Structure of a typical motor neuron)
dendrites
highly branched structures emerging from cell body
receive input
(Structure of a typical motor neuron)
Axon
conducts impulse away from cell body toward another neuron or effector
emerges at cone-shaped axon hillock
(Structure of a typical motor neuron)
axon terminals
at end of axon with synaptic bulbs
(Myelination)
axons covered with a myelin sheath
many-layered lipid & protein creating insulations
increases speed of nerve conduction
(Myelination)
Nodes of Ranvier = gaps in the myelin
nodes are important for signal conduction
(Myelination)
name a disease that could destroy myelin
multiple sclerosis
what is white matter
primarily myelinated axon
what is grey matter
cell bodies
dendrites
unmyelinated axons
axon terminals
neuroglia
what is the brain cortex (outer layer)
made up of grey matter and white matter located internally
where is the spinal cord grey atter located?
centrally
where is white matter located?
externally
(neuroglia)
Astrocytes
blood-brain barrier
