Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

human anatomy Sem 1 > the brain > Flashcards

the brain Flashcards

1
Q

what percentage of oxygen consumption does the brain need?

A

~20%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how long (without oxygen) before the brain suffers permanent damage?

A

4 minutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

other than oxygen what else does the brain need constantly?

A

glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what substance helps protect the brain?

A

the blood brain barrier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what does the blood-brain barrier allow into the brain?

A

O2
CO2
alcohol
anaesthetic agents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what does the blood-barrier do?

A

controls the entry of materials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are the parts to the brain stem

A

medulla
oblongata
pons
midbrain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

where is the medulla oblongata in the brain?

A

inferior/lower part of the brainstem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the medulla oblongata made up of?

A

white matter expending between spinal cord & other parts of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

where is the brain stem at?

A

continuous with spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

does it contain nuclei/clusters of cell bodies

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how many vital reflex centres are there in the medulla?

A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are the three vital reflex centres

A

cardiovascular centre (heart rate)
medullary rhythmicity area (respiratory rhythm)
vasomotor (vasoconstriction)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

anything else? in the medulla

A

has other sensory & reflex motor areas
-sneezing, coughing & vomiting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

where is the brain stem - pons located

A

above/superior to the medulla oblongata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how does Pons connect within the brain?

A

connects the spinal cord with the brain
links one part of the brain with another by way of tracts/groups of nerve-axons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

which one of the brain stems have the nerve tract cross?

A

Pons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the nerve tract cross

A

nerves supplying left side of the body cross to right side of the brain and right side of the body to left side of brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what does the midbrain do?

A

connects pons to the diencephalon
conveys motor impulses from cerebrum to the cerebellum and spinal cord
contains the substantia nigra
conveys sensory impulses from spinal cord to thalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is the substantia nigra

A

areas affected by parkinson’s disease
-dopamine

20
Q

where is the diencephalon located in the brain

A

above the brain stem

21
Q

what is included in the diencephalon

A

thalamus
hypothalamus
pineal gland

22
Q

what does the thalamus do?

A

critical relay for sensory input
transmits motor info from cerebellum & basal nuclei to cerebrum

23
Q

how many different things can hypothalamus do?

A

6

24
Q

what can hypothalamus do?

A

control of ANS-regulation of many activities
control of pituitary and hormone production
regulation of emotional & behavior patterns
regulation of eating & drinking
control of body temperature
regulation of circadian rhythms & states of consciousness

25
Q

what does the pineal gland do?

A

secretes melatonin which promotes sleep

26
Q

where is the cerebrum located?

A

the top and largest part

27
Q

what is the surface covered in (cerebrum)

A

grey matter (cortex)
beneath is cerebral white matter

28
Q

how many parts is there to the cerebrum

A

4

29
Q

name the parts included in cerebrum

A

cerebral cortex
internal white matter
grooves
longitudinal fissure

30
Q

what is the cerebral cortex do in the cerebrum?

A

the grey matter/cell bodies

31
Q

what is the internal white matter in the cerebrum?

A

its the surface folds
gyri-gyrus (singular)

32
Q

what are the grooves in the cerebrum called?

A

sulci-sulcus

33
Q

what does the longitudinal fissure do in the cerebrum

A

divides it into left & right hemispheres

34
Q

what does the verebrum connect to?

A

corpus callosum

35
Q

if the brain receives an input from the left side where does it send its output?

A

to the right side of the body

36
Q

what side of the brain is involved with spoken & written language, numerical & scientific skills

A

left side of cerebrum

37
Q

what does the right side of the cerebrum deal with?

A

spatial and patter recognition and emotional content

38
Q

where is the cerebellum located

A

back of brain stem

39
Q

what is the meaning behind cerebellum?

A

little brain

40
Q

how many cerebellar hemispheres are there

A

two

41
Q

where are the two cerebellar hemispheres located

A

posterior to medulla and pons below cerebrum

42
Q

what is the cerebellar cortex made from

A

grey matter

43
Q

what is the interior made from

A

white matter
nuclei

44
Q

what does it cerebellum attach to

A

attached to brain stem via cerebellar peduncles

45
Q

what are cerebellums functions?

A

sensory input
co-ordinates skeletal muscle
functions noticeable after excessive alcohol intake

46
Q

what does the cerebellum co-ordinate in skeletal muscle

A

maintenance of normal muscle tone
regulates posture and balance

47
Q

when is the brain most likely to develop?

A

first few years of life

48
Q

when does the brain start to decline in brain mass

A

from early adulthood onwards

human anatomy Sem 1 (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions