Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Nat 5 Biology- Unit 1 Cell Biology > Key Area 6- Respiration > Flashcards

Key Area 6- Respiration Flashcards

1
Q

What does respiration mean?

A

The chemical energy stored in glucose must be released by all cells through a
series of enzyme-controlled reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is ATP?

A

A molecule that cells can use to transfer energy from one part of the cell to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is glucose?

A

A sugar in the diet that is broken down by respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is pyruvate?

A

A molecule that is an intermediate step in respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does aerobic mean?

A

Requires oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does fermentation mean?

A

A form of respiration that does not require energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is lactate?

A

A product of fermentation in animal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is ethanol?

A

A product of fermentation in plant and yeast cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 5 things that ATP is needed for?

A
  1. Muscle cell contraction
  2. Cell division/Mitosis
  3. Transmission of nerve impulses
  4. Protein synthesis
  5. Active Transport
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the two types of respiration?

A

Aerobic respiration and Fermentation (anaerobic respiration)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which type of respiration requires oxygen?

A

Aerobic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where does fermentation take place?

A

Cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where does aerobic respiration take place?

A

Step 1- cytoplasm
Step 2- Mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What do cells need more of if they require more ATP?

A

More mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Name 4 examples of cells that need more mitochondria

A
  1. Sperm
  2. Liver
  3. Neurons
  4. Muscles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the basic word equation for aerobic respiration?

A

G + O —–> CO2 + W + energy

17
Q

Explain step 1 of aerobic respiration

A

Glucose broken down into 2 molecules of pyruvate, releasing enough energy to yield two molecules of ATP

18
Q

Is an oxygen required for step 1 of aerobic respiration?

A

No

19
Q

Is any oxygen required for step 2 of aerobic respiration?

A

Yes

20
Q

Explain step 2 of aerobic respiration

A

If oxygen is present aerobic respiration takes place and the 2 pyruvate breakdown into carbon dioxide and water, releases lots of ATP

21
Q

Is aerobic respiration the same for animals as it is for plants and yeast?

A

Yes

22
Q

Is fermentation the same for animals as it is for plants and yeast?

A

No

23
Q

Does fermentation produce the same amount of ATP as respiration?

A

No it produces less

24
Q

Name 3 examples when fermentation is needed

A
  1. When the lungs cannot provide enough oxygen during exercise
  2. Yeast to make bread/beer
  3. Plants growing on waterlogged soil
25
Q

In animal cells during fermentation what are the pyruvate molecules converted into?

A

Lactate

26
Q

Explain fermentation in animals

A

As lactate builds in muscles, an oxygen debt builds up as the oxygen levels become low during intense exercise. This is reversible, and is repaid in periods of rest.

27
Q

What is the summary word equation for fermentation in animals?

A

Glucose ——> Lactate + energy

28
Q

What are the steps of fermentation in animals?

A

Glucose ——–> Pyruvate ——-> Lactate
/
2ATP

29
Q

What is the summary word equation for fermentation in plants and yeast cells?

A

Glucose ——> CO + ethanol + energy

30
Q

What are the steps of fermentation in plant cells?

A

Glucose —-> Pyruvate —-> CO2 and ethanol
/
2ATP

31
Q

During fermentation in plant and yeast cells what are the pyruvate molecules converted into?

A

Carbon dioxide and ethanol

Nat 5 Biology- Unit 1 Cell Biology (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions