Cytotoxic agents Flashcards
MOA of Cyclophosphamide
Alkylating agent- causes cross-linking in DNA
3 adverse effects of Cyclophosphamide
Haemorrhagic cystitis
Myelosuppression
Transitional cell carcinoma
Name 2 cytotoxic antibodies
Bleomycin
Anthracyclines (e.g doxorubicin)
MOA of Bleomycin
Degrades preformed DNA
1 adverse effect of Bleomycin
Lung fibrosis
MOA of Anthracyclines e.g. Doxorubicin
Stabilizes DNA-topoisomerase II complex inhibits DNA + RNA synthesis
1 adverse effect of Anthracyclines e.g. Doxorubicin
Cardiomyopathy
Dose-dependent cardiotoxicity
4 Antimetabolites
Methotrexate
Fluorouracil (5-FU)
6-Mercaptopurine
Cytarabine
MOA of Methotrexate
Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase and thymidylate synthesis
4 adverse effects of Methotrexate
Myelosuppression
Mucositis
Liver fibrosis
Lung fibrosis
MOA of Fluorouracil
Pyrimidine analogue inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by blocking thymidylate synthase (works during S phase)
3 adverse effects of Fluorouracil
Myelosuppression
Mucositis
Dermatitis
MOA of 6-Mercaptopurine
Purine analogue that is activated by HGPRTase, decreasing purine synthesis
1 adverse effect of 6-Mercaptopurine
Myelosuppression
MOA of Cytarabine
Pyrimidine antagonist.
Interferes with DNA synthesis specifically at the S-phase of the cell cycle + inhibits DNA polymerase