Tumour Markers and Carcinogens Flashcards

1
Q

CA 125

A

Ovarian cancer

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2
Q

CA 19-9

A

Pancreatic cancer

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3
Q

Alpha-feto protein (AFP)

A

Hepatocellular carcinoma
Teratoma

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4
Q

CA 15-3

A

Breast cancer

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5
Q

Prostate specific antigen (PSA)

A

Prostatic carcinoma

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6
Q

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)

A

Colorectal cancer

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7
Q

S-100

A

Melanoma, schwannomas

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8
Q

Bombesin

A

Small cell lung carcinoma
Gastric cancer
Neuroblastoma

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9
Q

Calcitonin

A

Medullary thyroid cancer

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10
Q

What markers could be used to detect recurrence of testicular teratoma?

A

Alpha-fetoprotein + beta-HCG

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11
Q

What cancer would cause raised Alpha-fetoprotein and beta-HCG?

A

Non-seminomatous testicular cancer

(A raised AFP level excludes a seminoma)

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12
Q

Aflatoxin (produced by Aspergillus)

A

Liver (hepatocellular carcinoma)

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13
Q

Aniline dyes

A

Bladder (transitional cell carcinoma)

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14
Q

Asbestos

A

Mesothelioma + bronchial carcinoma

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15
Q

Nitrosamines

A

Oesophageal + gastric cancer

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16
Q

Vinyl chloride

A

Hepatic angiosarcoma

17
Q

Most common causes of cancer in the UK

A
  1. Breast
  2. Lung
  3. Colorectal
  4. Prostate
  5. Bladder
  6. Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
  7. Melanoma
  8. Stomach
  9. Oesophagus
  10. Pancreas

(excludes non-melanoma skin cancer)

18
Q

Most common causes of cancer death in the UK

A
  1. Lung
  2. Colorectal
  3. Breast
  4. Prostate
  5. Pancreas
  6. Oesophagus
  7. Stomach
  8. Bladder
  9. Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
  10. Ovarian