Community, Consultation Flashcards
Question ID #12562: As described by Gerald Caplan, “theme interference” is:
Select one:
A.
a barrier to primary prevention.
B.
a type of transference.
C.
a contributor to family dysfunction.
D.
a hindrance to positive health behavior.
The correct answer is B.
Caplan described theme interference as a type of transference that occurs when a past unresolved conflict related to a particular type of client or situation interferes with a consultant’s ability to remain objective in a current situation.
Answer A: The concept of theme interference is completely unrelated to prevention strategies.
Answer C: The concept of theme interference is related to mental health consultation. It has no relation to family dynamics.
Answer D: Theme interference does not pose a barrier to positive health behavior.
Question ID #12564: The Health Belief Model (Becker, 1974) emphasizes the individual’s:
Select one:
A.
locus of control.
B.
level of “hardiness.”
C.
tendency toward optimistic thinking.
D.
readiness to take action.
The correct answer is D.
Becker’s (1974) Health Belief Model identifies several factors that influence a person’s health-related behaviors. The individual’s readiness to take a particular action is one of the factors identified by the Health Belief Model and is affected by the person’s perceived susceptibility to an illness and perceived severity of that illness. The other factors addressed by the Health Belief Model are described in the Clinical Psychology chapter of the written study materials.
Answer A: Locus of control is the focus of the Health Locus of Control Model.
Answer B: Hardiness has been identified as a personality characteristic that is associated with a lower susceptibility to illness and is not part of the Health Belief Model.
Answer C: Optimistic thinking is not one of the elements of the Health Belief Model.
Question ID #12565: A prevention program involves identifying children who exhibit early signs of emotional disturbance so they can be provided with special assistance from teacher’s aides and other paraprofessionals. This is an example of:
Select one:
A.
primary prevention.
B.
secondary prevention.
C.
tertiary prevention.
D.
developmental intervention.
The correct answer is B.
For the exam, you want to be able to distinguish between primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. Secondary preventions entail the early identification of at-risk individuals who have not yet developed a full-blown disturbance and providing them with an appropriate intervention.
Answer A: Primary preventions are aimed at reducing the development and incidence of mental disorders.
Answer C: Tertiary preventions are aimed at individuals who have already developed a disorder. Their goal is to reduce the risk for chronicity and relapse and any other problems related to the disorder.
Answer D: This is an invented term.
Question ID #12566: Which of the following is an example of consultee-centered case consultation?
Select one:
A.
Helping a teacher recognize the early signs of drug abuse in high school students
B.
Helping a therapist develop a treatment plan for a client with a disorder the therapist is unfamiliar with
C.
Helping company managers identify methods for improving their ability to design effective employee training programs
D.
Helping a school administrator identify ways to improve the effectiveness of a current teacher training program
The correct answer is A.
For the exam, you want to be familiar with the four approaches to mental health consultation described by Caplan (1970). In consultee-centered case consultation, the focus is on the skills, knowledge, and objectivity of the consultee, and the goal is to improve the consultee’s functioning so that he/she can work more effectively with members of a target group or population in the future.
Answer B: This is an example of client-centered case consultation.
Answer C: This is an example of consultee-centered administrative consultation.
Answer D: This is an example of program-centered administrative consultation.
Question ID #12567: A psychology intern responds to her supervisor in the same way that a new client is responding to her (the intern) in therapy. This is referred to as:
Select one:
A.
projective identification.
B.
the therapeutic double-bind.
C.
diagnostic overshadowing.
D.
parallel process.
The correct answer is D.
This question describes parallel process. Parallel process involves a combination of transference, countertransference, and projection in the client-supervisee-supervisor relationship and occurs when a supervisee (e.g., intern) replicates problems in the supervisor-supervisee relationship that are occurring in the supervisee-client relationship.
Answer A: Object relations family therapists hold that projective identification occurs when a family member projects old introjects onto another family member.
Answer B: Therapeutic double-binds are a paradoxical technique used by systemic family therapists.
Answer C: Diagnostic overshadowing occurs when the salience of one disorder or condition “overshadows” diagnostic consideration or recognition of another disorder.
Question ID #13753: A program designed to improve the interpersonal skills of residents of a retirement community would be classified as a “primary prevention” when it is offered:
Select one:
A.
to residents who have been identified by staff as being socially isolated.
B.
to residents who are currently being treated for depression.
C.
to residents who obtain low scores on a measure of interpersonal functioning.
D.
to all residents who want to participate.
The correct answer is D.
Primary preventions are designed to intervene before a problem occurs and are offered to all members of a group or population. When a program is offered to all members of a group or population rather than to specific individuals (e.g., to all residents of a retirement community), it is a primary prevention.
Answer A: When a program or treatment is provided to specific individuals who have been identified as being at-risk (i.e., as already exhibiting signs of the problem), it is classified as a secondary prevention.
Answer B: A program for individuals who are being treated for depression would be a tertiary prevention. The goal of tertiary preventions is to reduce the long-term consequences of an existing problem.
Answer C: Offering the program to individuals who have been identified as at-risk by low scores on a measure of interpersonal functioning is an example of secondary prevention.
