Recourse Consumption and Security Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Biocapacity

A

Land and water to supply resources for humanity

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2
Q

What is ecological footprint

A

The amount of land required by a group/person to full fill all their resources and assimilate their waste.

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3
Q

What is energy security?

A

Having access to clean,reliable and affordable energy for cooking, heating, lighting etc.

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4
Q

What is water security?

A

Having access to clean and safe drinking water and sanitation

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5
Q

What is food security?

A

Having access to safe and nutritious food, meatiness the dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.

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6
Q

What is nexus

A

The interactions/connections between food, water and energy

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7
Q

What is virtual/ embedded water

A

Transferring water from one country to anotehr via exports

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8
Q

What is the issue with a growin population and population of rich people?

A

An increase in consumption of recourses

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9
Q

What does eating meat do to an ecological footprint?

A

Increase it, different from only relying on vegetables

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10
Q

How can the ecological footprint be reduced?

A
  • vegetarian diets
  • recycling/ reusing resources
  • reducing amount of pollution
  • transporting waste to other countries’
  • reducing amounts of recources
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11
Q

How is the ecological footprint increased?

A
  • meat diets
  • large consumption per household
  • Relying on fossil fuels
  • high levels of imported products
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12
Q

Why do HIC’s have a greater ecological footprint than LIC’s?

A
  • Greater infrastructure
  • can afford more food
  • eat more meat
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13
Q

How is water distributed around the world?

A

unevenly

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14
Q

What is teh relationship between water availability and consumption

A

Increased consumption means an increase in water scarcity. There are no major differences of how water is used in HICs and LIC’s

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15
Q

All of what factors increase pressure on water?

A
  • tourism (water parks eg)
  • urbanisation (invest in sanitation for water)
  • growing middle class (showers, gardening)
  • climate change(droughts, floods)
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16
Q

How to increase crop yield

A
  • using genetically modified dna from other organisms
  • irrigation
  • more land for crops
17
Q

How does urbanisation strain food consumption?

A

Strain on meat due to fast food

18
Q

Which type of countries need more energy?

A

NIC’s as they are currently industrialising

19
Q

Difference between renewable and non- renewable energy

A

Renewable energy doesnt reduce any natural capital while non-renewable does.

Renewable (hydroelectric, wind, solar)
Non-renewable (fossil fuels

20
Q

Why is mostly non-renewable energy used?

A

It is cheaper, no need for refining, technology is already developed.

21
Q

Advantages of nuclear power

A
  • doesnt emit CO2, doesnt contribute to global warming
  • technology is developed and available
  • creates large amounts of energy in small plant
  • very efficient compared to fossil fuels
22
Q

Disadvantages of nuclear power

A
  • creates radioactive waste, harmful
  • dangerous, never 100% sure of irs reliability
  • the more nuclear powers, the higher risk of failure: explosion
  • targets for terrorists
  • energy source is uranium which is scarce
  • takes 20-30 years to build
    Chernobyl eg.
23
Q

Disadvantages for renewable energy

A

Location site is minimised/ availability minimal
- not visually appealing

24
Q

Advantages of renewable energy

A
  • they will NOT run out
  • do not contribute to climate change/ acid rain
25
Q

WHat is Hydroelectiv power

A

Turbines switched on and off in dams, producing energy

26
Q

Advantages and disadvantages for HEP

A

A:
- cheap to run
- fit by dams
- can be turned on and off

DA:
- cause flooding downstream
-Accelerate river velocity
- cause increased erosion in river
- dams restrict transport of sediments

27
Q

What is biofuel energy

A

Burning of biomass-> ethanol-> fuel

28
Q

How do wind turbines work?

A

They are driven by occurring winds (turbines)
Rotational energy is put into a generator -> electricity

IF there is no wind, no energy is produced

29
Q

Why is recycling important?

A

Saves scarce materials, reduces pollution

30
Q

What is the issue with E-waste

A

It gets illegally shipped to developing countries

31
Q

Explain how E- waste effects the area it is shipped to

A

Once in a landfill, assimilated Ewaste containing toxic substances such as lead and emrcury seep into the environment (land, water etc) and contaminate them. The workers suffer from illnesses and infection- short life expectancy.

32
Q

Why is an increase in E-waste occurring ?

A

There is so much innovation and improvement of technology

33
Q

What is overpopulation

A

When the population exceeds the amount of recources available

34
Q

What is underpopulation?

A

The the amount of recources aren’t able to be used up by the population

35
Q

Formula for standard of living

A

(Natural resources x technology)
/ population

36
Q

What is recources stewardship

A

A concept suggesting that we can use recources in a way to be available for future generations aswell

SOCIAL EQUITY over the recources

37
Q

What is a circular economy?

A
  • preserving natural capital by balancing recources flows
  • optimize resource yields by circulating products (recycling)
  • eliminating pollution and climate change
38
Q
A