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[1st year] ph 105 - pharmaceutical analysis i (lec) > PRELIM 01 - Pharmaceutical Analysis > Flashcards

PRELIM 01 - Pharmaceutical Analysis Flashcards

1
Q

Deals with methods for determining the chemical composition of states of matter

A

Analytical chemistry

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2
Q

Yields information about the identity of atomic or molecular species

A

Qualitative method

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3
Q

Provides numerical information as to the relative amount of one or more of these components

A

Quantitative method

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4
Q

3 classifications of drug analysis according to nature of sample

A

Physical, Chemical, Biological

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5
Q

The process of a quantitative determination of a chemical substance from a given sample

A

Assay

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6
Q

5 classifications of drug analysis according to size of sample

A

Macroanalysis, Semi-microanalysis, Microanalysis, Submicroanalysis, Ultramicroanalysis

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7
Q

0.1 g or more

A

Macroanalysis

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8
Q

0.1 g - 1 g

A

Semi-microanalysis

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9
Q

0.01 g - 0.1 g

A

Microanalysis

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10
Q

0.001 g - 0.01 g

A

Submicroanalysis

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11
Q

<0.001 g

A

Ultramicroanalysis

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12
Q

3 classifications of drug analysis according to extent of analysis

A

Proximate, Ultimate, Partial

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13
Q

Amount of each element in a sample is determined

A

Proximate

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14
Q

The perfect of extractive from a crude drug represents a single chemical species

A

Ultimate

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15
Q

Determines selected constituents in the sample

A

Partial

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16
Q

The sum total of the organized arrangements made with the object of ensuring that all APIs are of the quality required

A

Quality assurance (QA)

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17
Q

Checking or testing that specifications are met

A

Quality control (QC)

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18
Q

A branch of practical chemistry that involves a series of processes for identification, determination, quantification, and purification of a substance

A

Pharmaceutical analysis

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19
Q

3 Separation techniques (classical methods)

A

Precipitation, Extraction, Distillation

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20
Q

2 Separation techniques (instrumental methods)

A

Chromatography, Electrophoresis

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21
Q

7 Qualitative analysis techniques (classical methods)

A

Chemical tests, b.p., m.p., Solubility, Odor, Optical activity, Refractive index

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22
Q

4 Qualitative analysis techniques (instrumental methods)

A

UV/Vis spectrometry, Infrared spectrometry, MS, NMR spectrometry

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23
Q

3 Quantitative analysis techniques (classical methods)

A

Titrimetry, Gravimetry, Coulometry

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24
Q

6 Quantitative analysis techniques (instrumental methods)

A

Potentiometry, Voltammetry, Spectrophotometry, AAS, Thermometric methods, Kinetic methods

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25
Q

Securing or getting a representative sample from a given population

A

Sampling

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26
Q

2 types of error

A

Indeterminate, Determinate

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27
Q

Random and inherent error; uncontrolled variable

A

Indeterminate error

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28
Q

Systematic error; flaw in equipment or design of the experiment

A

Determinate error

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29
Q

Reproducibility of the result

A

Precision

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30
Q

Other name of relative standard deviation

A

Coefficient of variation

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31
Q

Difference between the largest and smallest value

A

Range

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32
Q

Describes how close a measured value is to the “true” value

A

Accuracy

33
Q

Difference between the mean value and true value

A

Absolute error

34
Q

Absolute error divided by the true value

A

Relative error

35
Q

Analytical method in which the volume of a solution of known concentration during analysis is taken as a measure of the amount of active constituent in a sample being analyzed

A

Titration

36
Q

3 Titration methods

A

Volumetric titrations, Gravimetric titrations, Coulometric titrations

37
Q

Measuring the volume of known concentration needed to react with analyte

A

Volumetric titrations

38
Q

Mass instead of volume

A

Gravimetric titrations

39
Q

Measure time required for complete electrochemical reaction

A

Coulometric titrations

40
Q

Standard solution of known concentration

A

Titrant

41
Q

Substance to be determined

A

Analyte

42
Q

Added to produce an observable physical change

A

Indicator

43
Q

Theoretical point reached when the titrant and analyte are chemically equivalent

A

Equivalence point/Stoichiometric point

44
Q

When a physical change occurs that is associated with the condition of chemical equivalence

A

End point

45
Q

Weight of the substance chemically equivalent to 1 mL of a standard solution

A

Titer

46
Q

Weight of a substance in grams that is chemically equivalent to 1 gram-atom of hydrogen

A

Gram-Equivalent Weight (GEW)

47
Q

5 Types of titration

A

Direct titration, Residual titration, Titration with blank test, Indirect titration, Double residual titration

48
Q

Titrant is directly added to analyte until the reaction goes to completion

A

Direct titration

49
Q

The volume of which that did not react with the analyte is then titrated

A

Residual/back titration

50
Q

Sample experimental condition without sample; done to find out the effect of the impurities

A

Titration with blank test

51
Q

2 Detection methods

A

Visual, Instrumental

52
Q

Appearance/disappearance of color

A

Visual method

53
Q

Colorimeters, Turbidimeters, Spectrophotometers

A

Instrumental method

54
Q

5 grades of reagent

A

Technical grade/commercial, USP/NF, Analytical, Chemically pure, Primary standard grade

55
Q

For general industrial use

A

Technical grade/commercial

56
Q

Chemicals manufactured under current GMP and which meet the requirement of USP/NF

A

USP/NF

57
Q

High quality chemical for laboratory use

A

Analytical

58
Q

Products of purity suitable for use in general applications

A

Chemically pure

59
Q

Analytical reagent of exceptional purity that is specially manufactured for standardizing volumetric solutions

A

Primary standard grade

60
Q

Determination of exact concentration (normality or molarity) of a solution

A

Standardization

61
Q

Highly purified compound; serves as a reference material for titration

A

Primary standard

62
Q

Purity has been determined by chemical analysis; serves as the working standard material for titrations

A

Secondary standard

63
Q

4 Chemical reactions in titrimetry

A

Neutralization, Oxidation-reduction, Precipitation, Complexation

64
Q

Assay of alkaloids

A

Proximate

65
Q

Assay of glycosides

A

Proximate

66
Q

Assay of morphine

A

Ultimate

67
Q

Assay of Ipecac

A

Proximate

68
Q

Assay of opium

A

Proximate

69
Q

Assay of hyocyamine from belladonna leaf

A

Ultimate

70
Q

Assay of volatile oil from caraway oil

A

Proximate

71
Q

Assay of total carvone content from an oil

A

Proximate

72
Q

Assay of menthol from peppemint

A

Ultimate

73
Q

Reading a scale among analysts

A

Determinate

74
Q

Electrical noise

A

Indeterminate

75
Q

Inability to distinguish color sharply

A

Indeterminate - Lec
Determinate - Lab

76
Q

Contamination of precipitates

A

Determinate

77
Q

Incorrect sampling

A

Determinate

78
Q

Incorrect weights

A

Determinate

79
Q

Improper selection of indicators

A

Determinate

[1st year] ph 105 - pharmaceutical analysis i (lec) (12 decks)

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