membrane potential Flashcards
resting membrane potential
the inside- negative electrical potential that is normally recorded across all cell membranes
receptor potentials
the membrane potential change elicited in receptor neurons during sensory transduction
synaptic potentials
a membrane potential change generated by the action of a chemical transmitter agent
allow the transmission of info from one neuron to another
action potential
the electrical signal generated and conducted along axons by which info is conveyed from one place to another in the nervous system
depolarization
potential becomes less negative
hyperpolarization
potential become more negative
pressure is proportional to the
height
flow out of the bottom is proportional to
pressure/resistance of valve
3 features needed for neural signaling
- barrier (membrane)
- charge carrier (ions)
- gates and pumps (membrane proteins)
threshold potential
the level of membrane potential at which an action potential is generated
lipid bilayer
forms spontaneously
phospholipids - hydrophilic
non-polar lipid tails - hydrophobic
4 main ions involved in action potentials
cations: potassium, sodium, calcium
anions: chloride, protein molecules
active transporters
actively move ions into or out of cells against their conc gradient
ion channels
proteins that allow only certain kinds of ions to cross the membrane in the direction of their conc gradients
Nernst equation
Ek = (58/z) log (Ko/Ki)
