Endocrine Surgery Flashcards
RECAP- what do thyroid hormones get synthesised from?
Iodine
-> one of the only glands in the body that takes up iodine
What does iodine get coupled to to produce T3/4?
Tyrosine
If someone has a large goitre, what are they likely to be deficient in?
Iodine
List the effects of TH.
Increase is catabolism of carbs/lipids
Increase in protein synthesis
Increase in basal metabolic rate
Growth and maturation
What does the thyroid gland develop from embryologically?
Foramen cecum
Which part of the neck does the thyroid gland lie?
Anterior triangle of neck
What is the blood supply for the thyroid gland?
Superior thyroid artery
Inferior thyroid artery
What is the superior thyroid artery a branch of?
Carotid artery
What is the inferior carotid artery a branch of?
Thyroid cervical trunk
Damage to which nerve causes change in voice, vocal changes or loss?
Recurrent laryngeal nerve
Thyrotoxicosis?
Clinical syndrome of excess circulating TH, commonly sue to hyperthyroidism
What are some of the primary causes of hypothyroidism?
Autoimmune thyroiditis
Dietary insufficiency
Surgery
Radioiodine
What are some of the secondary causes of hypothyroidism?
Pituitary failure
Goitre?
Enlargement of thyroid gland
What is Pemberton’s sign used to evaluate?
Venous obstruction in patients with goitres
How can goitres affect airways?
Can cause compression of the airway
->classical sign of airway compression is stridor