Unit 2 Chapter 31 Dysrhythmias Flashcards
Where is the sinoatrial [SA] node located?
A. Right atrium
B. Mitral valve
C. Apex of the heart
D. Left ventricle
A. Right atrium
Conduction begins with the sinoatrial (SA) node (also called the sinus node), located close to the surface of the right atrium near its junction with the superior vena cava.
What is classified as the pacemaker of the heart?
A. Sinoatrial [SA] node
B. bundle of His
C. Purkinje cells
D. Automaticity
A. Sinoatrial [SA] node
What is the P wave indicative of?
ATRIAL DEPOLARIZATION
Impulses from the sinus node move directly through atrial muscle and lead to atrial depolarization, which is reflected in a P wave on the electrocardiogram (ECG).
What is the QRS wave indicative of?
Ventricular Deporiliazation
Stroke Volume
volume of blood that is ejected out of the left ventricle every heart beat
Preload
Volume of blood in the ventricles at the end of Diastole
Cardiac output
volume of liters ejected out of the left ventricle every minute
(normal range: 4-8L)
Afterload
resistence of pressure felt by the left ventricle when trying to push the blood out to the body
Systole
contraction of the heart chambers with blood ejecting out
Diastole
relaxing of the heart chambers with blood filling up
Ejection fraction
is a measurement of the percentage of blood leaving your heart each time it
contracts.
normal range; from a normal of 50% to 70%
How is the ejection fraction calculated?
through echocardiogram, if the ejection fraction is low in range, it indicates heart failure.
How many seconds is PR interval
0.12-0.20 seconds
How many second is the QRS duration
0.06-0.10 seconds
The nurse is assessing the client’s cardiac rhythm and notes the following: HR 64, regular rhythm, PR interval 0.20; QRS 0.10. How will the nurse document this rhythm interpretation in the electronic health record?
A. Sinus tachycardia
B. Sinus bradycardia
C. Normal sinus rhythm
D. Sinus arrhythmia
C. Normal sinus rhythm
The nurse is caring for client who is experiencing occasional premature ventricular contractions. What assessment data are most concerning to the nurse?
A. Potassium 4.8 mEq/L
B. Magnesium 2 mEq/L
C. Heart rate 90
D. History of smoking
D. History of smoking
While suctioning a client with a tracheostomy, the client becomes diaphoretic and nauseous and the heart rate decreases to 37 beats/min. What is the priority nursing action?
A. Continue to clear the airway.
B. Stop suctioning the patient.
C. Administer atropine.
D. Call the health care provider immediately.
C. Administer atropine.
The nurse sees the asystole rhythm on the ECG. The patient is unresponsive and has no pulse. The nurse calls a code blue and takes what step next?
A. Prepare for defibrillation
B. Administer Epinephrine
C. Start high-quality CPR
D. Notify the physician
The answer is C. The nurse would want to immediately start high-quality CPR and continue this until help arrives
You’re patient is in ventricular fibrillation (v-fib). You’ve started CPR and the airway is supported. A rhythm checked in performed and shows the patient is still in ventricular fibrillation. The NEXT action the code team will take in addition to performing high-quality CPR is to?
A. Administer Atropine
B. Defibrillate
C. Administer Epinephrine
D. Synchronized cardiovert
B. Defibrillate
The answer is B. Ventricular fibrillation is a shockable rhythm. The team will continue CPR until the machine is ready to deliver a shock (hence defibrillate). Once the machine is ready for defibrillation, the team will shout clear (all members will remove themselves from the patient) and a shock will be delivered. Then CPR will be resumed.
Your patient has reported his heart feeling like it skipped a beat after drinking coffee.
Which one of the dysrhythmias do you suspect your patient may be experiencing?
A. Sinus Tachycardia
B. Ventricular Tachycardia
C. Premature Ventricular Contraction
D. ventrricular fibrillation
C. Premature Ventricular Contraction
What are the 4 Ventricular Dysthmias?
Ventricular fibrillation
Ventricular tachycardia
Ventricular Asystole
Premature Ventricular Contraction
Ventricular fibrillation
Ventricular tachycardia
Ventricular Asystole
Premature Ventricular Contraction
Which of the following Ventricular Dysrthmias is the most fatal?
A.Ventricular fibrillation
B.Ventricular tachycardia
C.Ventricular Asystole
D.Premature Ventricular Contraction
A.Ventricular fibrillation
V FIB THERE IS NO PULSE
What is Premature ventricular complexes
Premature ventricular complexes (PVCs), also called premature ventricular contractions, result from increased irritability of ventricular cells and are seen as early ventricular complexes followed by a pause.
Originate in the ventricles resulting in wide and
bizarre QRS complexes
Is Premature ventricular complexes common?
A. yes
B.no
A. yes
Which of the following Dystrhmias are common to occur if your patient has a Potassium level of 2.3?
A.Ventricular fibrillation
B.Ventricular tachycardia
C.Ventricular Asystole
D.Premature Ventricular Contraction
D.Premature Ventricular Contraction