t5-homeostasis- the brain and nervous system Flashcards
what is homeostasis
the maintenance of optimal conditions for enzymes despite internal/external changes
what 3 things does homeostasis control
blood glucose concentration
water levels
body temperature
what 3 things do nervous and hormonal communication systems have
receptors
coordination centres
effectors
what are receptors
cells that detect stimuli (changes in the environment)
what are coordination centres and give examples
they process information received from receptors eg. brain, spinal cord
what are effectors and give examples
produce specific responses to bring conditions back to optimum levels eg. muscles, glands
what do neurones do and list 3 neurones
carry electrical impulses
sensory, relay, motor
how does receptor information from stimulus pass through to effectors
stimulus->receptors->CNS->effectors
what does skin respond to
touch
temperature
pain
what does the tongue respond to
chemicals in food/drink
what does the nose respond to
chemicals in air
what do ears respond to
sound and position of head
what do eyes respond to
light
give 2 examples of effector responses
muscles contracting to move an arm
glands releasing hormone in the blood
what are reflexes
rapid responses to stimuli which bypass the conscious brain
different neurones work together to create an automatic response to minimise damage to the body
