biology questions Flashcards
How do plants convert their sugar into usable energy?
solar energy is harvested as chemical energy in a process that converts water and carbon dioxide to glucose
Which cell turns sugar into usable energy?
chloroplast
What is the molecule of usable energy called?
ATP
What is the purpose of the coenzymes?
Coenzymes assist enzymes in turning substrates into products
Order of cell respiration-
Glycolysis, Kreb’s cycle, Electron transport chain
Glycolysis-
glucose ultimately breaks down into pyruvate and energy
Kreb’s cycle-
The Krebs’ cycle oxidizes the carbon atoms
Electron transport chain-
the electrons go through a chain of proteins that increases its reduction potential and causes a release in energy
how much atp is produced during each stage of cellular respiration?
One glucose molecule is metabolised to yield 38 ATP molecule
if a cell needs ATP but doesn’t have access to oxygen, what process will it undergo?
They undergo glycolysis, followed by the anaerobic process of fermentation to make ATP
list the reactants for photosynthesis-
ight energy (sunlight) combines with the reactants—water and carbon dioxide—to form new products
list the reactants for cellular respiration-
glucose (sugar) and oxygen—combine together to form new products
what is an enzyme?
proteins that help speed up metabolism, or the chemical reactions in our bodies.
what do enzymes have to do with proteins simple?
Enzymes are proteins that act upon substrate molecules and decrease the activation energy necessary for a chemical reaction
what are the parts of an enzyme reactions?
active site which is the part that binds the substrate and performs catalysis
scaffolding which is the support structure around which the active site is built and interacts with other proteins
