exam qs lqc 2

Question 1

Arteries and capillaries are blood vessel adapted for specific roles in the circulatory system.
Give two differences between the structure of an artery and a capillary.

Answer 1

arteries have which walls and capillaries have thin walls, arteries have lots of collagen and capillaries have little collagen

Question 2

Explain how the structure of an artery wall is adapted both to withstand and to maintain high blood pressure.

Answer 2

more collagen provides strength to withstand pressure, contraction of muscle allows constriction of lumen, elastic fibres allow stretch and recoil

Question 3

Suggest why capillaries, rather than arteries, are more likely to be blocked in a person with sickle-cell anaemia.

Answer 3

capillary has a narrower lumen than an artery

Question 4

Suggest why a person with sickle-cell anaemia experiences pain in muscle tissues.

Answer 4

less oxygen reaches tissues, less aerobic respiration causes cell damage