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MODULE 1 > elimination > Flashcards

elimination Flashcards

1
Q

passing of feces

A

defecation

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2
Q

semisolid, fiber substance, result of digestion

A

feces

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3
Q

bowel elimination process:

A

fecal material reaches rectum, stretch receptors initiate contraction of sigmoid colon/rectal muscles, internal anal sphincter relaxes, sensory impulses cause voluntary “bearing down”, and external sphincter relaxes

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4
Q

fecal material reaches rectum, stretch receptors initiate contraction of sigmoid colon/rectal muscles, internal anal sphincter relaxes, sensory impulses cause voluntary “bearing down”, and external sphincter relaxes

A

bowel elimination process

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5
Q

process of bearing down (pushing down), puts pressure on the vagus nerve, causing decrease in BP and pulse which can lead you to pass out/get light headed

A

valsalva manuever

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6
Q

bristol chart is used for what?

A

classifying stools

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7
Q

separate hard lumps

A

constipation

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8
Q

sausage-shaped but lumpy

A

mild constipation

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9
Q

sausage-shaped with cracks on its surface

A

healthy

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10
Q

smooth and soft like a snake

A

healthy

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11
Q

soft blobs with clear-cut edges

A

lacking fiber

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12
Q

fluffy and mushy with ragged edges

A

mild diarrhea

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13
Q

entirely liquid, watery

A

diarhhea

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14
Q

stool is brown

A

normal

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15
Q

stool is green

A

green dye, green vegetables, antibiotics, bacterial infection

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16
Q

stool is yellow

A

excess fat, small intestinal infection

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17
Q

stool is bright red

A

red food/dyes, drinks, or food, or hemorrhoids

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18
Q

stool is black or dark brown

A

iron supplements, bismuth subsalicylate (pepto), bleeding upper digestive tract

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19
Q

stool is white, light, or clay-colored

A

antidiarrheal medications, lack of bile (fat absorption)

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20
Q

stool is reddish

A

red foods, drinks, or dyes, bleeding in the lower gut or rectum

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21
Q

components of a complete bowel assessment

A

nursing history, physical assessment, review of relevant test results, patients medical history, chewing ability, recent stressors or illnesses, and environmental situation

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22
Q

questions to ask during nursing history for a bowel assessment

A

how long since your last bowel movement, what are they like (color/shape), patient diet

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23
Q

factors that affect bowel elimination:

A

developmental stage, personal factors, sociocultural factors, nutrition/hydration, activity, medications, surgery & procedures, pregnancy, and pathological considerations

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24
Q

biggest impact affecting bowel movement is ____ and ____

A

nutrition and hydration

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25
Q

alterations in bowel elimination status:

A

constipation, impaction, diarrhea, incontinence, flatulence, and hemorrhoids

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26
Q

uncomfortable or infrequent bowel movements, hard stool

A

constipation

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27
Q

stool you can’t pass, constipation that has gone unchecked

A

impaction

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28
Q

stool is more watery

A

diarrhea

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29
Q

inability to control feces or urine

A

incontinence

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30
Q

gassy

A

flatulence

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31
Q

ulcers or enlarged blood vessels; straining to poop

A

hemorrhoids

32
Q

interventions to promote normal bowel elimination:

A

high fiber diet, squatty potty - legs 35 degrees on a stool

33
Q

patient teaching topics:

A

medications, nutrition, cathartics/laxatives, enema, and promotion of activity level

34
Q

cathartics do what?

A

accelerate bowel movements

35
Q

laxatives do what?

A

soften stool

36
Q

device for bowel incontinence

A

flexi-seal rectal tube

37
Q

plays a big part in human bowel movements; body secretes this to hold onto body fluid so we aren’t peeing it out

A

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

38
Q

secretion of potassium in the kidneys, released by the adrenal gland

A

aldosterone

39
Q

“bearing down” means ____

A

when the pressure within the abdomen increases and helps empty stool

40
Q

blood in urine

A

hematuria

41
Q

inability to control urine or feces

A

incontinence

42
Q

to urinate

A

void

43
Q

to urinate

A

micturate

44
Q

painful or difficult urination

A

dysuria

45
Q

leakage of urine despite voluntary control of urination

A

dribbling

46
Q

accumulation of urine in bladder without the ability to completely empty

A

retention

47
Q

frequent night urination

A

nocturia

48
Q

large amounts of urine

A

polyuria

49
Q

the need to void at frequent intervals

A

urine frequency

50
Q

the need to void all at once

A

urine urgency

51
Q

presence of large protein in urine

A

proteinuria

52
Q

difficulty initiating urination

A

hesitancy

53
Q

urine remaining post void > 100 ml

A

residual

54
Q

components of a complete urinary assessment

A

nursing history, self-care ability, cultural considerations, review of relevant test results, and patients medical history

55
Q

kidneys produce approximately __ to ___ ml per hour

A

50-60 ml

56
Q

normal voiding is typically how many times per day, this also depends on fluid intake

A

5-6 times per day

57
Q

most common urinary incontinence, can happen when a woman sneezes, coughs, etc

A

stress continence

58
Q

need to go right now, is what type of urinary incontinence?

A

urge

59
Q

build up of urine is what type of incontinence?

A

overflow

60
Q

can’t get to the bathroom fast enough because of mobility issues is what type of incontinence?

A

functional

61
Q

bladder incontinence devices

A

condom catheter, pure wicks, foley catheter

62
Q

for male patients, fits over penis and drains urine out, it is also not invasive

A

condom catheter

63
Q

lays over genitalia, has a suction device, collects urine

A

pure wick

64
Q

putting a drainage tube into urinary system, balloon inflated that keeps catheter lodged into bladder

A

foley catheter

65
Q

promoting normal urination interventions

A

history health, kegel exercises, bladder training/toileting schedule, privacy, positioning, fluids/nutrition, monitor for skin breakdown

66
Q

characteristics of urine

A

color, odor, clarity

67
Q

indicates intake or lack of fluids

A

color of urine

68
Q

urine will appear cloudy if a pathogen is present

A

clarity

69
Q

pathogens can change the smell, as well as intake

A

odor

70
Q

all fluid intakes that you record

A

semi-liquid fluids, ice chips, IV fluids, fluids, tube feeding, irrigation instilled and not immediately removed

71
Q

all fluid outputs that you record

A

fluid loss via emesis, urine output, diarrhea, and drainage from suction or wounds

72
Q

emesis is the act of ____

A

vomiting

73
Q

what color is urine if there is dehydration?

A

dark yellow

74
Q

greenish urine can result from consumption of ____

A

asparagus

75
Q

normal urine is what color?

A

clear to pale yellow

MODULE 1 (27 decks)

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