Integumentary System

Question 1

3 Layers of Skin

Answer 1

Epidermis
Dermis
Subcutaneous

Question 2

Functions of skin

Answer 2

Waterproofing
Temperature sensing
Perception
Identification
Communication
Wound repair
Absorbtion/Excretion
Production of Vit D

Question 3

How is skin affected by aging?

Answer 3

the epidermis thins and flattens = (loss of protective barrier).
- the dermis experiences a loss of connective tissue (collagen) = risk of shearing and tearing.
- the subcutaneous layer decreases = less cushioning from physical injury
- decrease in amount of sweat and sebaceous glands = skin is dry, less thermoregulatory response.
- psychological impact of a loss of youthful appearance, linked to self-esteem Compounded by culture, beliefs, media, social norms and roles.

Question 4

Pallor

Question 5

Erythema

Question 6

Cyanosis

Question 7

Jaundice

Question 8

Edema

Answer 8

extra fluid that accumulates in the intercellular spaces (abnormality).

Question 9

Mobility and Turgor

Answer 9

mobility is the skin’s ease of rising and turgor is its ability to return to place when released (reflects elasticity).

Question 10

Vascularity

Answer 10

smooth, slightly raised bright red dots that commonly appear in adults older than 30 yrs, are not usually significant.

Question 11

Stage 1 pressure ulcer

Answer 11

intact skin appears red, but unbroke

Question 12

Stage 2 Pressure Ulcer

Answer 12

partial thickness, loss of epidermis +/- dermis. Looks like an abrasion or open blister.

Question 13

Stage 3 Pressure Ulcer

Answer 13

Stage 3 – full-thickness, extends into the subcutaneous tissue. Looks like a crater, may see subcutaneous tissue.

Question 14

Stage 4 Pressure Ulcer

Answer 14

full-thickness, involves all skin layers and extends into supporting tissue; muscle, tendon, bone may be exposed, black or brown necrotic tissue (eschar