AF Module 2:1 Flashcards

1
Q

What effects did the evolution to settled life have on the peoples of Africa?

A

Made shared needs more apparent
Result of Agriculture spread since 13,000 BCE (Levant –> Nile Delta –> Sahel –> Central & West Sudan –> Ethiopia)
Hunting and Gathering in Central Rainforest/Southern regions

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2
Q

Crops

A

Millets, sorghum, yam
Lived in villages, relied on root crops and fishing
Traders brought: Banana, Taro, Sugarcane, Coconut palms

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3
Q

Iron working

A

Phoenicians brought the iron smelting technique to NW Africa, which spread to the south.
OR
It was spread westward from the Meroe region of the Nile.

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4
Q

Explain the term Bantu

A

Zulu, Sotho, Xhosa, and Swahili (Spoken by the majority south of the Congo river)
Originated in Benue region (Cameroon, Nigeria)

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5
Q

Bantu Migration reasons

A
  • Due to rapid population growth, overcrowding, lack of resources
  • Kingdoms allowed rulers to spread authority while subjugated peoples fled.
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6
Q

Bantu background

A

Assumed to have started off as fishermen, root crops
Adopted mixed agriculture and iron-working in savanna
Killed/assimilated in E&S Africa, a series of assimilations
Environment-determined settlement pattern

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7
Q

Sudan

A

The region bound by Sahara, Gulf of Guinea, Atlantic ocean, Ethiopia

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8
Q

Administrative traditions of Sudan

A

Chief+council of elders, Blood ties
Mende - female rulers
Yoruba - significant power as well
Igbo - female corulers

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9
Q

Ibo oracles

A

female priestesses connected with a diety that lived in caves

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10
Q

Problems with Saharan trade

A

Not enough water, poisoned wells, sandstorms seperated and buried lines of camels

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11
Q

3 Important effects of Trans-Saharan trade on West Africa

A

Stimulated Gold mining
Created a desire for slaves
Stimulated development of Urban centers

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12
Q

Most important influence of trade on WA

A

Introduction of Islam: Military fundamentalist Almoravids preached to rulers of sub-Saharan Africa

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13
Q

Adoption of Islam

A
  • admired administrative techniques, wanted to protect themselves against Berbers
  • Introduced record keeping (thu diwan)
  • Went from port cities/gulf of aden/red sea to Kilwa (Tanzania)
  • Founded Mogadishu (Somalia)
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