Enzyme Function II Flashcards
1
Q
conformational change
A
- a change in the shape of a macromolecule, often induced by environmental factors
2
Q
lysozyme
A
- an enzyme that targets, attaches to, and destroys the cell wall of bacterial cells
3
Q
regulatory site
A
- site where a molecule other than a substrate specifically binds to an enzyme
- as an altering rate at which enzyme converts its substrate to product
4
Q
active site
A
- area on the surface of an enzyme, binds substrate molecule & catalyzes its chemical transformation
5
Q
diffusion
A
- process where molecules and small particles move from one location to another through random thermally driven motion
6
Q
negative regulation
A
- prevents an enzyme from acting
7
Q
transition state
A
- the intermediary state of the reaction, when the molecule is neither a substrate or product
8
Q
catalysis
A
- acceleration of a chemical reaction due to action of catalyst
9
Q
enzyme
A
- protein, catalyzes a specific chemical reaction
10
Q
non-competitive inhibitor
A
- inhibitor reduces the activity of the enzyme and binds equally to enzyme whether or not it has already bound the substrate
11
Q
competitive inhibitor
A
- binding of an inhibitor prevents binding of the target molecule of the enzyme (substrate)
12
Q
feedback inhibition
A
- form of metabolic control, end product of a chain of enzymatic reactions, reduces activity of an enzyme early in pathway
13
Q
positive regulation
A
- enzyme’s activity is stimulated by a regulatory molecule rather than being suppressed.
- occurs when a product in one branch of the metabolic maze stimulates the activity of an enzyme in another pathway
