Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

levator palpebrae superioris

A

innervation: CN III
attachments: upper eyelid + sphenoid bone
action: elevation of upper eyelid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

superior + inferior rectus

A

CN III
attaches to sup + inf part of eyeball
sup: pairs with inf oblique to move eyeball up
inf: pairs with sup oblique to move eyeball down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

medial rectus

A

CN III
attaches to eyeball
moves eyeball towards nose (medially)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

lateral rectus

A

CN VI
attaches to eyeball
moves eyeball towards ear (laterally)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

inferior oblique

A

CN III
pairs with sup rectus to move eyeball up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

superior oblique

A

CN IV
pairs with inf rectus to move eyeball down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

temporalis

A

fan-shaped muscle on lateral surface of head (near temple)
CN V
att: temporal fossa + mandible (coronoid process)
crosses TMJ
fibres converge towards zygomatic arch
elevation of mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

masseter

A

side of face
CN V
att: zygomatic arch + mandible (ramus)
fibres descend obliquely
elevation of mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

medial pterygoid

A

deep to mandible (inferatemporal fossa)
CN V
att: sphenoid bone + mandible (ramus)
elevation of mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

lateral pterygoid

A

deep to mandible (inferatemporal fossa)
CN V
att: sphenoid bone + mandible (condyle)
depression + lateral movement of mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

orbicularis oculi

A

sphincter surrounding eye
CN VII
att: skin of eyelid
closes eyelid (centre = blink; outside = forceful close)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

orbicularis oris

A

sphincter surrounding mouth + lips
CN VII
att: skin of lips
closes + purses lips

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

platysma

A

anterior neck
CN VII
att: skin of neck
tenses skin of neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

occipitofrontalis (frontal belly)

A

forehead
CN VII
att: skin of forehead
raises eyebrows + wrinkles forehead

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

buccinator

A

within cheek
CN VII
att: maxilla, mandible + modiolus
tenses cheek, suction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

tensor + levator veli palatini

A

CN X
tenses + elevates soft palate during swallowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

pharyngeal constrictors

A

CN X
superior, middle, + inferior constrictor
constriction of pharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

palatoglossus

A

CN XII
att: soft palate
control position of tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

styloglossus

A

CN XII
att: styloid process (temporal bone)
control position of tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

hyoglossus

A

CN XII
att: hyoid bone
control position of tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

genioglossus

A

CN XII
att: inner chin of mandible
control position of tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

mylohyoid (suprahyoid)

A

floor of mouth
att: mandible + hyoid bone
tenses floor of mouth during swallowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

digastric (suprahyoid)

A

in neck - splits into 2 bellies
att: temporal bone, mandible + hyoid bone
assists in depression of mandible to open mouth wide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

infrahyoid muscles

A

thyrohyoid, omohyoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid,
pull down hyoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

sternocleidomastoid

A

neck (flexor)
att: sternum + clavicle + mastoid process
turns head to opposite side of contraction
(atlanto-axial joint)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

longus capitis

A

prevertebral muscle
crosses atlanto-occipital joint
flexion of neck + head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

longus colli

A

prevertebral muscle
closer to midline
flexion of neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

scalene muscles

A

neck (flexors)
att: C2-C6 + ribs 1-2
lateral flexors of neck + elevators of ribs 1-2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

transversospinal group

A

attach to transverse + spinous processes of vertebrae
delicate adjustments at zygapophyseal joints of vertebrae

multifidus
semispinalis:
- capitis
- cervicis
- thoracis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

erector spinae

A

large bulk of muscle on either side of vertebral column
extension, lateral flexion, + rotation of v.colum
3 sections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

iliocostalis

A

lateral erector spinae
cervicis, thoracis, lumborum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

longissimus

A

middle erector spinae
capitis, cervicis, thoracis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

spinalis

A

medial erector spinae
capitis, cervicis, thoracis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

intercostal muscles

A

external → elevation of ribs in inhalation
internal → depression of ribs in exhalation
innermost

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

rectus abdominis

A

flexors of trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

external oblique

A

flexion + rotation of trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

internal oblique

A

flexion + rotation of trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

transversus abdominis

A

deepest layer
important for increasing intra-abdominal pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

diaphragm

A

divides thorax and abdomen
sternal, costal, lumbar parts converge on a central tendon
innervated by phrenic nerve (C3-C5)

40
Q

levator ani

A

pelvic diaphragm
supports pelvic organs, resists intra-abdominal pressure

41
Q

coccygeus

A

back of pelvic diaphragm
att: ischial spine + coccyx
supports pelvic viscera + resists intra-abdominal pressure

42
Q

external urethral sphincter

A

att: bladder
regulates urethral opening
more developed in males

43
Q

external anal sphincter

A

around anal aperture
regulates anal opening

44
Q

ischicavernosus

A

lateral
surrounds erectile tissue

45
Q

bulbospongiosus

A

medial
surrounds erectile tissue

46
Q

trapezius

A

innervated by CN XI
att: vertebral column, occipital bone + scapular spine
multiple fibre orientations = multiple actions
scapula elevation, retraction, depression

47
Q

levator scapulae

A

att: cervical vertebrae + vertebral border (scapula)
elevator of scapula

48
Q

rhomboids

A

major + minor
att: vertebral column + vertebral border (scapula)
retractor of scapula - fibres aligned with spine

49
Q

serratus anterior

A

att: ribs + vertebral border (scapula)
protractor of scapula

50
Q

pectoralis major

A

cross shoulder joint anteriorly
fan-shaped = convergent muscle
att: sternum, ribs, clavicle + humerus
arm adductor, flexor, + medial rotator

51
Q

deltoideus

A

multipennate
crosses shoulder joint:
- anteriorly
att: acromion, clavicle
arm flexor + medial rotator

  • laterally
    att: deltoid tuberosity (humerus)
    arm abductor
  • posteriorly
    att: scapular spine
    arm extensor + lateral rotator
52
Q

latissimus dorsi

A

cross shoulder joint anteriorly + inferiorly
att: vertebral column + intertubercular groove (humerus)
arm retractor, extensor, adductor, + medial rotator

53
Q

subscapularis

A

cross shoulder joint anteriorly
att: subscapular fossa + lesser tubercle (humerus)
arm medial rotator

part of rotator cuff

54
Q

supraspinatus

A

cross shoulder joint superiorly
att: supraspinous fossa + greater tubercle (humerus)
arm abductor

part of rotator cuff

55
Q

infraspinatus

A

cross shoulder joint posteriorly
att: infraspinous fossa + greater tubercle (humerus)
arm lateral rotator

part of rotator cuff

56
Q

teres minor

A

cross shoulder joint posteriorly
att: axial border (scapula) + greater tubercle (humerus)
arm lateral rotator

part of rotator cuff

57
Q

teres major

A

cross shoulder joint anteriorly
att: scapula (inferior angle) + intertubercular groove (humerus)
arm extensor, adductor, + medial rotator
synergist - latissimus dorsi

58
Q

rotator cuff

A

group of muscles (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, teres minor) that insert over shoulder joint

when arm is abducted → rotates so no muscle is anterior = easy to dislocate

59
Q

biceps brachii

A

cross elbow joint anteriorly
(also crosses shoulder joint)
att: radial tuberosity + scapula
forearm supinator, flexor (when supinated)
arm flexor

60
Q

brachialis

A

cross elbow joint anteriorly
att: humerus + coronoid process (ulna)
main forearm flexor

61
Q

brachioradialis

A

cross elbow joint laterally
att: humerus + radial styloid process
forearm flexor (in mid-pronated position)

62
Q

triceps brachii

A

3 heads - long + lateral, medial

cross elbow joint posteriorly
att: olecranon (ulna) + humerus
forearm extensor = antagonist

63
Q

flexor carpi radialis

A

cross wrist joint anteriorly
att: medial epicondyle (humerus) + 2nd metacarpal (radial side of hand)
hand flexor + abductor

superficial

64
Q

palmaris longus

A

cross wrist joint anteriorly
att: medial epicondyle (humerus)
weak hand flexor

superficial

65
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris

A

cross wrist joint anteriorly
att: medial epicondyle (humerus) + 5th metacarpal, pisiform, hamate (ulnar side of hand)
hand flexor + adductor

superficial

66
Q

flexor retinaculum

A

strong fibrous band forming roof of carpal tunnel
bridges over carpal bones

67
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus + brevis

A

cross wrist joint posteriorly
att: lateral epicondyle (humerus) + metacarpals (2,3)
hand extensor + abductor

68
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris

A

cross wrist joint posteriorly
att: lateral epicondyle (humerus) + 5th metacarpal
hand extensor + adductor

69
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis

A

cross wrist joint anteriorly
att: medial epicondyle (humerus) + middle phalanges (digits 2, 3, 4, 5)
finger flexor

70
Q

flexor digitorum profundus

A

cross wrist joint anteriorly
att: ulna + distal phalanges
finger flexor (digits 2,3,4,5)

71
Q

flexor pollicis longus

A

cross wrist joint anteriorly
att: distal phalanx of thumb
thumb (pollex) flexor

72
Q

extensor digitorum + extensor digiti minimi

A

cross wrist joint posteriorly
att: lateral epicondyle (humerus) + distal phalanges
finger extensors (digits 2,3,4,5)

minimi = digit 5

73
Q

extensors + abductor for thumb

A

cross wrist joint posteriorly
att: distal phalanx + base of thumb
thumb (pollex) extensor + abductor

74
Q

palmar interossei

A

3
in between metacarpals (anterior = palm)
finger adductors (digits 2,4,5)
= bring towards digit 3

75
Q

lumbricals

A

4
in between metacarpals (anterior = palm)
finger extensors (digits 2,3,4,5)

small motor units (almost 1:1 → gauge force)

76
Q

dorsal interossei

A

4
deep in between metacarpals (posterior)
finger abductors (digits 2,3,4)

middle finger has 2 → move side to side
(little finger has own abductor)

77
Q

adductor pollicis

A

anterior (palm)
thumb adductor (thumb to palm)

78
Q

thenar muscles

A
  • flexor pollicis brevis
  • opponens pollicis
  • abductor pollicis brevis

important for opposition of thumb
in palm (anterior)

79
Q

gluteus maximus

A

cross hip joint posteriorly
att: gluteal tuberosity (femur) + sacrum
thigh extensor + lateral rotator
(powerful extension ex. running/climbing)

80
Q

gluteus medius

A

cross hip joint laterally
att: greater trochanter (femur) + ilium
thigh abductor + medial rotator

81
Q

gluteus minimus

A

cross hip joint laterally
att: greater trochanter (femur) + ilium
thigh abductor + medial rotator

82
Q

iliopsoas

A

cross hip joint anteriorly (on top of pubis)
att: iliac fossa, T12-L5 + lesser trochanter (femur)
thigh flexor + flexes/abducts hip

83
Q

adductor muscle group

A

magnus, longus, + brevis
cross hip joint medially
att: linea aspera (femur) + pubis
thigh adductor, flexor, and medial rotator

84
Q

quadriceps femoris

A

3 vasti: vastus lateralis, medialis, + intermedius - femur
rectus femoris - hip bone

crosses knee joint (via quadricep tendon → patella)
att: femur + tibial tuberosity (via patellar tendon)
leg extensor + thigh flexor (rectus femoris)

85
Q

sartorius

A

obliquely across anterior thigh
crosses hip (laterally) + knee joint (medially)
att: hip (ant. sup. iliac spine) + tibia
thigh + leg flexor

86
Q

biceps femoris

A

lateral hamstring - two heads
crosses knee joint + hip joint posteriorly
att: ischial tuberosity/linea aspera + fibular head
leg flexor (knee) + thigh extensor (hip)

87
Q

semitendinosus

A

middle hamstring - becomes long tendon
crosses knee joint + hip joint posteriorly
att: ischial tuberosity + tibia
leg flexor (knee) + thigh extensor (hip)

88
Q

semimebranosus

A

medial hamstring - two bellies
crosses knee joint + hip joint posteriorly
att: ischial tuberosity + tibia
leg flexor (knee) + thigh extensor (hip)

89
Q

gastrocnemius

A

calf - two heads
crosses ankle joint posteriorly
att: medial + lateral condyle of femur + calcaneus (posterior tubercle)
foot plantarflexor

90
Q

soleus

A

calf
crosses ankle joint posteriorly
att: tibia, fibula + calcaneus (post. tubercle)
foot plantarflexor

91
Q

calcaneal tendon

A

Achilles tendon
crosses ankle joint posteriorly
formed by gastrocnemius + soleus

92
Q

tibialis anterior

A

crosses ankle joint anteriorly
att: tibia (lateral condyle) + medial cuneiform (between talus + navicular)
foot dorsiflexor + inverter

93
Q

peroneus (fibularis) longus + brevis

A

crosses ankle joint laterally + posteriorly
att: fibula + 5th metatarsal
foot plantarflexor + everter

94
Q

toe extensors

A

anterior leg
extensor digitorum longus → digits 2,3,4,5
extensor hallucis longus → big toe (hallux)

95
Q

toe flexors

A

cross ankle joint posteriorly → sole of foot
flexor digitorum longus → digits 2,3,4,5
flexor hallucis longus → big toe (hallux)
flexor digitorum brevis → digits 2,3,4,5 (in sole of foot)

Anatomy (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions