Microorganismos

Question 1

Definition

Answer 1

Microorganisms are small living things usually only visible using a microscope and are found everywhere

Question 2

Consist of

Answer 2

Viruses
Bacteria
Fungi

Question 3

Viruses

Answer 3

• The smallest microorganism type.
• Viruses are parasites i.e. they need a host to reproduce & survive.
• Viruses often damage and kill host cells.
• Viruses can only be defeated by vaccinations.
  Examples:
• Chicken pox, measles, mumps

Question 4

Vaccination

Answer 4

A non disease causing dose of a disease in order to stimulate WBC production against the disease.”

Question 5

Bacteria

Answer 5

• Some bacteria does cause disease e.g. TB, food poisoning.
• Most bacteria is harmless with a lot even being beneficial.

Question 6

Beneficial bacteria

Answer 6

1. Bacteria are decomposers - they recycle nutrients (carbon).
2. Bacteria are used to make antibiotics.
3. Bacteria make vitamins B and K in our large intestine.

Question 7

Fungi

Answer 7

• Consist of small and large.
• Microscopic e.g. athletes foot & ring worm
• Large e.g. mushrooms and yeast.

Question 8

Fungi benefits

Answer 8

1. Production of alcohol (anaerobic conditions).
2. Fungi are decomposers - They recycle carbon.

Question 9

Biotechnology

Answer 9

The use of micro-organisms to make a product

Question 10

Preservation techniques

Answer 10

Refrigeration-A low temperature slows down the rate of enzyme activity in the microorganism.
Pasteurisation-Milk is heated to a high temperature which kills microorganism by destroying its enzymes.