Vascular Remodelling and Aneurysms

Question 1

Endothelial cells

Answer 1

main cellular component of blood vessels
provide vascular resistance
form one cell thick surface
non-thrombogenic interface
tight endothelial cell junctions

Question 2

enothelial cell functions

Answer 2

regulates cell growth
maintains permeability
vasoconstrict/ dilate
regaulates inflammation and immunity

Question 3

endothelial activation

Answer 3

response to pathophysiological stimuli
adjusts usual functions
vasoreactions of smooth muscles
produces cytokines, bacterial products and growth factors

Question 4

endothelial disfunction

Answer 4

impairs vasoreactivity
induces thrombogenic surface
abnormally adhesive to inflammatory cells

Question 5

what is remodelling

Answer 5

active process of structual change
can include cell death, growth or migration and synthesis or degradation of extracellular matrix
can contribute to cardiovascular disease

Question 6

remodelling process

Answer 6

change in haemodynamic condition
signal is relayed in adjacent cells
cell synthesis, release, growth or migration
structual change in cell wall

Question 7

pathogenesis of aneurysms

Answer 7

structure and function of connective tissue is compromised
collagen degrades, atherosclerosis

Question 8

causes of aneurysms

Answer 8

hypertension
atherosclerosis
trauma
infection

Question 9

abdominal aortic aneurysm

Answer 9

atherosclerosic plaque narrows and weakens artery walls
mainly affects men, smokers and >50 years

Question 10

complications abdominal aneurysm

Answer 10

can cause ruptures and embolisms
obstruction of branch vessels