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IS Lab > Topic 1 > Flashcards

Topic 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Considerations when using IS test kits (5)

A

Antigen-antibody specificity
Sensitivity and specificity
Rapid and efficient detection
Sample compatibility
User-friendly

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2
Q

Considerations:
Testing kits rely on the specific interaction between antigens and antibodies, ensuring accurate and targeted detection of the analyte of interest.

A

Antigen-antibody specificity

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3
Q

Considerations:
Ensuring that the testing kit can detect the analyte at low concentrations (?) and accurately distinguish it from other substances (?)

A

Sensitivity and specificity

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4
Q

Considerations:
The principle of delivering quick and efficient results, often through visual indicators or automated processes, to facilitate timely decision-making.

A

Rapid and efficient detection

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5
Q

Considerations:
Designing kits to work with a variety of sample types, such as blood, serum, urine, or swabs to enhance versatility and applicability in different settings.

A

Sample compatibility

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6
Q

Considerations:
Ensuring simplicity in kit operation, often with clear instructions and minimal steps, to accommodate users with varying levels of expertise

A

User-friendly design

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7
Q

Who are responsible for hospital waste management

A

Hospital staffers
Government agencies
Non-Government agencies

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8
Q

These can make the specimen unacceptable

A

Lipemic
Hemolyzed sample
Bacterial cotamination

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9
Q

Term used for presence of excess bilirubin in blood stream

A

Icteric

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10
Q

—- or —- serum may give invalid results or may interfere with the tests

A

Icteric or turbid

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11
Q

Reason why collect blood before a meal

A

To avoid chyle (milky body fluid consisting of lymph and emulsified fats or free fatty acids)

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12
Q

Contamination with —- or —- must be avoided

A

Alkali or acid

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13
Q

What to do when sample collected is hemolyzed?

A

Repeat collection

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14
Q

Color of icteric sample

A

Dark yellow to very dark yellow (brownish-like)

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15
Q

What false results do icteric samples cause

A

Very high bilirubin or AST/ALT

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16
Q

Appearance of lipemic sample

A

Turbid to milky consistency of sera

17
Q

Results of lipemic sample

A

Very high cholesterol and triglycerides

18
Q

Manual pipeting samples per hour

A

5-10 samples per hour

19
Q

Hand pipeting using —- is fast in small applications and only requires the hand of a practiced lab tech instead of extra hardwrae

A

Fixed-volume

20
Q

Disadvantages of manual pipetting

A

Time-consuming
Results can be unreliable
Repetitive actions can lead to injury

21
Q

This pipet offers a way for labs to incrementally scale up production and increase reproducibility

A

Semi-automatic pipettes

22
Q

How many samples per hour in semi-automatic pipettes

A

11-100

23
Q

This only requires the technician to move the hand probe from one vessel to another vessel

A

Semi-automatic pipettes

24
Q

This is most valuable in high-throughput applications that benefit from completely removing human movements

A

Automation

25
Q

Automation can process hundreds of sample at a time and follow ———

A

Highly complex methods without deviation

26
Q

This can protect you from hazardous/infectious samples

A

Automation

27
Q

—- and —- solutions can cause problems with the measurement and delivery of samples and solutions

A

Bubbles and viscous

28
Q

What causes bubbles

A

Wrong procedure handling

29
Q

Complements can be inactivated by —- or after 4 hours reinactivated —-

A

Heating to 56C for 30mins or after 4 hours reinactivated by heating for 10mins

30
Q

Types of pipette

A

Transfer pipette: volumetric and ostwald folin pipette
Graduated pipette: serological and mohr pipette
Micropipette

31
Q

A disposable plastic pipets used to transfer small volumes of liquids

A

Transfer pipette

32
Q

TD types that have the bulb closer to the center and accurately deliver a fixed volume of aqueous solutions

A

Volumetric pipette

33
Q

TD types that have the bulb closer to the delivery tip because they deliver viscous fluids. These pipettes deliver an accurate volume by being blown out using a pipetting bulb

A

Ostwald folin pipette

34
Q

This pipet have with its volume, in increments, marked along the tube, is used to accurately measure and transfer a volume of liquid from one container to another

A

Graduated pipette
Tapered end and graduation marks on the stem
Serologic
Mohr

35
Q

This pipet is calibrated between marks and cannot be blown out

A

Mohr pipet

36
Q

Which pipet is graduated to the tip and which isn’t

A

Serological pipet is graduated to the tip
Mohr pipet is not graduated to the tip

37
Q

This pipet allow rapid repetitive measurements and delivery of predetermined volumes of reagents and specimens

A

Micropipet

38
Q

Micropipet is —- operated device

A

Piston operated device

39
Q

True or false: when pipetting it is to remember to have it in horizontal position

A

Vertical position

IS Lab (10 decks)

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