2.4 Flashcards

1
Q

revenue

A

selling price x number of units sold

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2
Q

total variable costs

A

variable cost per unit x number of units sold

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3
Q

total costs

A

fixed costs + variable costs

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4
Q

profit

A

revenue - total costs

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5
Q

interest on loans (in %)

A

(total repayment - borrowed amount) / borrowed amount x 100

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6
Q

break even (units)

A

fixed costs / (selling price - variable cost per unit)

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7
Q

break even (revenue)

A

break even (units) x sales price

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8
Q

margin of safety

A

actual or budgeted sales (or output) - break even sales

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9
Q

net cash flow

A

total cash inflows (receipts) - cash outflows (total payments)

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10
Q

opening balance

A

closing balance of the previous period

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11
Q

closing balance

A

opening balance + net cash flow

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12
Q

lead time

A

delivery date - date stock re-ordered

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13
Q

gross profit

A

sales revenue - cost of sales

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14
Q

gross profit margin (%)

A

(gross profit / revenue) x 100

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15
Q

net profit

A

gross profit - other operating expenses and interest

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16
Q

net profit margin (%)

A

( net profit / revenue ) x 100

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17
Q

average rate of return (ARR) (%)

A

(average annual profit / cost of investment ) x 100

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18
Q

average annual profit

A

total profit / number of years

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19
Q

percentage change

A

(difference in figures / original figure ) x 100

20
Q

average

A

total of all individual values / number of values in the set

21
Q

Q: What is profit?

A

A: Profit is the reward for the risk entrepreneurs take in providing a product/service

22
Q

What are the two main types of profit?

A

A: Gross profit and net profit.

23
Q

Q: How is gross profit calculated?

A

A: Gross profit = Sales revenue - Cost of sales.

24
Q

Q: How is net profit calculated?

A

A: Net profit = Gross profit - (Operating expenses + Interest).

25
Q

Q: How do you calculate the Gross Profit Margin?

A

A: Gross Profit Margin = (Gross profit / Sales revenue) × 100%.

26
Q

Q: What does the Gross Profit Margin indicate?

A

A: It shows the proportion of revenue left over after paying for costs of sales.

27
Q

Q: How do you calculate the Net Profit Margin?

A

A: Net Profit Margin = (Net profit / Sales revenue) × 100%.

28
Q

Q: What does the Net Profit Margin indicate?

A

A: It shows the proportion of revenue left over after paying all expenses.

29
Q

Q: What is the Average Rate of Return (ARR)?

A

A: The ARR measures the profit from a proposed capital project

30
Q

Q: How is the ARR calculated?

A

A: ARR = (Average annual profit / Cost of investment) × 100%.

31
Q

Q: What does the ARR help determine?

A

A: It helps decide which project generates the most profit.

32
Q

What is Sales Revenue?

A

A: Sales revenue is the financial value of units sold.

33
Q

Q: How do you calculate Market Share?

A

A: Market Share = (Sales revenue of business / Total sales revenue in market) × 100%.

34
Q

Q: How do you calculate the percentage contribution of a product to overall sales revenue?

A

A: Percentage contribution = (Sales revenue of product X / Total sales revenue of all products) × 100%.

35
Q

What is quantitative data?

A

A: Quantitative data is statistical numeric data used for decision making

36
Q

Q: What are the two sources of quantitative data?

A

A: Primary data (collected firsthand) and secondary data (collected by others).

37
Q

Q: What are examples of quantitative data sources?

A

A: Graphs, charts, financial data, marketing data, tables, and infographics

38
Q

Q: What is a bar chart?

A

A: A bar chart visually compares data, like monthly umbrella sales.

39
Q

Q: What is a pie chart?

A

A: A pie chart shows proportions, such as the breakdown of umbrella sales by model.

40
Q

Q: What is a scatter graph used for?

A

A: A scatter graph identifies relationships between two variables, like temperature and barbecue sales.

41
Q

Q: What types of financial data do businesses use?

A

A: Sales revenue, profit, costs, tax, interest rates, asset valuations, and bank balances.

42
Q

Q: What is Companies House used for?

A

A: Companies House collects key financial data from companies each year.

43
Q

Q: How is marketing data collected?

A

A: Through surveys, focus groups, observation, customer feedback, footfall data, publications, and media.

44
Q

Q: How can marketing data help businesses?

A

A: It aids in sales forecasting, product development, and promotional planning.

45
Q

Q: What does market data include?

A

A: Demographics, market size, competitor market shares, growth rates, average prices, investment data, and commodity prices.

46
Q

Q: How can market data benefit businesses?

A

A: It helps identify opportunities, plan for threats, and make investment decisions.

47
Q

Q: What are some limitations of financial data?

A

A: It can be interpreted differently, becomes outdated quickly, and may ignore qualitative factors like social responsibility or ethics.