Ch.5 Microbial Metabolism Flashcards
Metabolism
the buildup and breakdown of nutrients within a cell
metabolism chemical reactions provide
energy and create substances that sustain life
Catabolism
breaks down complex molecules; provides energy and building blocks for anabolism; exergonic
Anabolism
uses energy and building blocks to build complex molecules; endergonic
Metabolic pathways
sequences of enzymatically catalyzed chemical reactions in a cell
metabolic pathways are determined by
enzymes
enzymes are
encoded genes
Collision theory
states that chemical reactions occur when atoms, ions, and molecules collide
Activation energy
the collision energy required for a chemical reaction to occur
Reaction rate
frequency of collisions containing enough energy to bring about a reaction
reaction rate can be increased by
enzymes or by increasing temp., pressure, or concentration
catalysts
speed up chemical reactions without being altered
enzymes
are biological catalysts
enzyme-susbstrate complex
substrate the enzyme’s active site
products
released from the enzyme when substrate is transformed and rearranged
Turnover number
the number of substrate molecules an enzyme converts to a product per second
Oxidoreductase
oxidation-reduction reactions