Chapter 7 Terminology

Question 1

The study of how disease processes affect the function of the body

Answer 1

Pathophysiology

Question 2

The cellular function of converting nutrients into energy

Answer 2

Metabolism

Question 3

A substance that when dissolved in water separates into charge particles

Answer 3

Electrolyte

Question 4

The cellular process in which oxygen is used to metabolize glucose. energy is produced in an efficient manner with minimal waste products

Answer 4

Aerobic metabolism

Question 5

cellular process in which glucose is metabolizes energy without oxygen. Energy produce in an inefficient manner with many waste products

Answer 5

Anaerobic metabolism

Question 6

Fraction of inspired oxygen, the concentration of oxygen in the air we breathe

Answer 6

FiO2

Question 7

Open and clear free from obstruction

Answer 7

Patent

Question 8

The volume of air in one cycle of breathing

Answer 8

Tidal volume

Question 9

The amount of air breathed in during each respiration multipled by the number of breaths, per minute

Answer 9

Minute volume

Question 10

Air that occupies the space between the mouth and the alveoli but but that does not actually reach the area of gas exchange

Answer 10

Dead airspace

Question 11

Chemical sensors in the brain and blood vessels that identify change levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide

Answer 11

Chemoreceptors

Question 12

The pull exerted by large proteins in the plasma portion of blood that tends to pull water from the body into the blood stream

Answer 12

Plasma oncotic

Question 13

The pressure within a blood vessel that tends to push water out of the vessel

Answer 13

Hydrostatic pressure

Question 14

Sensors in blood vessels that identify internal pressure

Answer 14

Stretch receptors

Question 15

The pressure in the peripheral blood vessels that the heart must overcome to pump blood into the system

Answer 15

Systemic vascular resistance ( SVR )

Question 16

The amount of blood ejected from the heart in one contraction

Answer 16

Stroke volume

Question 17

The amount of blood ejected from the heart in one minute ( heart rate stroke per minute )

Answer 17

Cardiac output

Question 18

Ventilation/perfusion match this implies the alveoli are supplied with enough air, and that the air in the alveoli is matched with sufficient blood in the pulmonary capillaries to permit optimum exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

Answer 18

V/Q match

Question 19

The supply of oxygen to and removal of waste from the cells and tissues of the body as a result of the flow of blood through the capillaries

Answer 19

Perfusion

Question 20

Inability of the body to adequately circulate blood to the body’s cells to supply them with oxygen and nutrients. A life threatening condition also known as shock

Answer 20

Hypoperfusion

Question 21

An abnormally low amount of water in the body

Answer 21

Dehydration

Question 22

Swelling associated with the movement of water into the interstitial space

Answer 22

Edema

Question 23

An exaggerated response by the immune system to a particular substance

Answer 23

Hypersensitivity

Question 24

Sweating: condition of cool, pale and moist, sweaty skin sweating

Answer 24

Diaphoresis