biology - 2.2b - fitness

Question 1

What is fitness an indication of?

Answer 1

An individual’s ability to be successful at surviving and reproducing.

Question 2

What is fitness a measure of?

Answer 2

The tendency of some organisms to produce more surviving offspring than competing members of the same species.

Question 3

What does fitness refer to?

Answer 3

The contribution made to the gene pool of the next generation by individual genotypes.

Question 4

How can fitness be defined in?

Answer 4

Absolute or relative terms.

Question 5

What is absolute fitness?

Answer 5

The ratio between the frequency of individuals of a particular genotype after selection, to those before selection:

frequency of a particular genotype after selection / frequency of a particular genotype before selection

Question 6

If the absolute fitness is 1, then what is the frequency?

Answer 6

The frequency of that genotype is stable.

Question 7

What does an absolute fitness value greater than 1 convey?

Answer 7

An increase in the genotype and a value less than 1 conveys a decrease.

Question 8

What is relative fitness?

Answer 8

The ratio of the number of surviving offspring per individual of a particular genotype to the number of surviving offspring per individual of the must successful genotype:

number of surviving offspring per individual of a particular genotype /
number of surviving offspring per individual of the most successful genotype