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NMR II > Exam 1: STOM > Flashcards

Exam 1: STOM Flashcards

1
Q

What is intrarater reliability?

A

The consistency of repeated measurements by the same person over time

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2
Q

What is interrater reliabilty?

A

The consistency of repeated measurements by more than one person

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3
Q

What does MCID stand for?

A

Minimally Clinically Important Difference

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4
Q

What is the MCID?

A

The smallest difference in a patient’s condition that the patient or clinician considers worthwhile that would warrant a change in the patient’s management

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5
Q

What does MDD stand for?

A

Minimal Detectable Difference

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6
Q

What is the MDD?

A

The minimal detectable change in the patient’s condition beyond the threshold or measurement error

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7
Q

What 6 STOMs have clinical practice guidelines?

A
  1. Berg Balance Scale
  2. Functional Gait Assessment
  3. Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale
  4. 10 Meter Walk Test
  5. 6 Minute Walk Test
  6. 5 Time Sit-to-Stand
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8
Q

What is the purpose of the Berg Balance Scale?

A

Assessment of static balance and fall risk in adults

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9
Q

What is the cutoff for the Berg Balance Scale?

A

< 45 indicates high fall risk

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10
Q

What type of evidence is there for the Berg Balance Scale?

A

Strong level I evidence to assess changes in static and dynamic sitting and standing balance

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11
Q

What does FGA stand for?

A

Functional Gait Assessment

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12
Q

What is the purpose of the FGA?

A

Assess postural stability and ability to perform multiple motor tasks while walking

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13
Q

Why was the FGA created?

A

As a modified version of the DGI to improve the reliability

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14
Q

What is the cutoff for the FGA?

A

< 22 is considered to be a high fall risk

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15
Q

What type of evidence is there for the FGA?

A

Strong to moderate evidence to assess chances in dynamic balance while walking

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16
Q

What is the purpose of the ABC?

A

Self-report measure of balance confidence in performing various activities

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17
Q

What does the ABC outcome measure stand for?

A

Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale

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18
Q

What is the cutoff for the ABC?

A

< 67% is considered to be a high fall risk

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19
Q

What score is considered to be a high level of physical functioning according to the ABC?

A

> 80%

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20
Q

What score is considered to be a moderate level of physical functioning according to the ABC?

A

50-80%

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21
Q

What score is considered to be a low level of physical functioning according to the ABC?

A

< 50%

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22
Q

What type of evidence is there for ABC?

A

Strong evidence to assess changes in balance confidence

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23
Q

What is the purpose for the 10 Meter Walk Test?

A

Assess walking speed over a short duration

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24
Q

What is the cutoff for the 10 Meter Walk Test to have increased risk of adverse events?

A

< 0.7 m/s

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25
Q

What speed on the 10 Meter Walk Test is considered to be a Household Ambulator?

A

< 0.4 m/s

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26
Q

What speed on the 10 Meter Walk Test is considered to be a Limited Community Ambulator?

A

0.4 - 0.8 m/s

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27
Q

What speed on the 10 Meter Walk Test is considered to be a Community Ambulator?

A

0.8 - 1.2 m/s

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28
Q

What speed on the 10 Meter Walk Test is considered to safely cross streets?

A

> 1.2 m/s

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29
Q

What change in speed on the 10 Meter Walk Test is considered to be a predictor for well-being and used as a standard patient goal?

A

Increase of 0.1 m/s

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30
Q

What is the purpose of the 6 Minute Walk Test?

A

Assess distance walked over 6 minutes to measure aerobic capacity and endurance

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31
Q

What type of evidence is there to support the 6 Minute Walk Test?

A

Strong to moderate evidence to assess changes in walking distance

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32
Q

What are the indications to perform the 6 Minute Walk Test?

A

Aerobic capacity, functional mobility, gait, endurance

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33
Q

What are the cutoffs for 60-69 year olds on the 6 Minute Walk Test?

A

Male = 572
Female = 538

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34
Q

What are the cutoffs for 70-79 year olds on the 6 Minute Walk Test?

A

Male = 527
Female = 471

35
Q

What are the cutoffs for 80-89 year olds on the 6 Minute Walk Test?

A

Male = 417
Female = 392

36
Q

What is the indication for the 5 Time Sit-to-Stand?

A

Fall risk, predictor of strength

37
Q

What type of evidence is there to support the 5 Time Sit-to-Stand?

A

Strong to moderate evidence to assess sit-to-stand transfers

38
Q

What is the cutoff for the 5 Time Sit-to-Stand?

A

> 15 seconds is considered to be an increased fall risk in older adults

39
Q

What does the 30 Second Sit-to-Stand assess?

A

LE strength, endurance, is correlated with leg press

40
Q

What does the Timed Up and Go assess?

A

Mobility and balance

41
Q

What is the cutoff for the TUG to be considered independent?

A

< 10 seconds

42
Q

What is the cutoff for the TUG to be considered to have an increased risk for falling?

A

> 20 seconds

43
Q

What is the cutoff for the TUG to be considered to be at high risk for falling?

A

> 30 seconds

44
Q

What is the cutoff for the TUG to be considered a fall risk in community dwelling adults?

A

> 13.5 seconds

45
Q

What does the DGI stand for?

A

Dynamic Gait Index

46
Q

What does the DGI assess?

A

Gait, balance, fall risk, patient’s ability to modify balance while walking in the presence of external demands

47
Q

What is the cutoff for the DGI?

A

< 19 is predictive for fall risk

48
Q

What does the Mini BEST stand for?

A

Balance Evaluation Systems Test

49
Q

What is the purpose of the Mini Best?

A

Assess balance, gait, fall risk

50
Q

What specific impairments are assessed with the Mini Best?

A

Anticipatory balance, reactive postural control, sensory orientation, dynamic gait

51
Q

What is the cutoff for the Mini Best?

A

< 17.5 is considered to be an increased fall risk

52
Q

What is the purpose of the Tinetti?

A

Gait and balance assessment

53
Q

What is the cutoff for the Tinetti to be considered to be a high fall risk?

A

< 19 in older adults

54
Q

What is the cutoff for the Tinetti to be considered to be a moderate fall risk?

A

19-24

55
Q

What is the cutoff for the Tinetti to be considered to be a low fall risk?

A

25-28

56
Q

What does the 2 Minute Step Test assess?

A

Endurance

57
Q

What does FSST stand for?

A

Four Square Step Test

58
Q

What is the purpose of the FSST

A

Dynamic balance and coordination that assesses the patient’s ability to step over objects in all directions

59
Q

What is the cutoff for the FSST?

A

> 15 seconds is considered to be at risk for multiple falls

60
Q

What is purpose of the Functional Reach Test?

A

Screen standing balance and risk for falling

61
Q

What is the hand position when measuring for the Functional Reach Test?

A

Closed first

62
Q

What is the purpose of the Back Scratch Test?

A

Assess functional ROM of the UE and ability to perform ADLs

63
Q

What is the purpose of the Chair Sit and Reach Test?

A

Assess LE ROM and hamstring flexibility, LE ADL implications

64
Q

What does MFES stand for?

A

Modified Falls Efficacy Scale

65
Q

What is the purpose of the MFES?

A

Assess fear of falling in community dwelling adults

66
Q

What does a high score on the MFES indicate?

A

More confidence and less fear of falling

67
Q

What is the SF-36?

A

Short form for medical outcomes

68
Q

What does the SF-36 quantify?

A

General health status and health-related quality of life

69
Q

What does MMSE stand for?

A

Mini Mental State Examination

70
Q

What is the MMSE?

A

Brief screening tool that provides assessment of cognitive impairment

71
Q

What are the seven domains of the MMSE?

A
  1. Orientation to time
  2. Orientation to place
  3. Registration of three words
  4. Attention and calculation
  5. Recall of three words
  6. Language
  7. Visual construction
72
Q

What score is considered no cognitive impairment on the MMSE?

A

24-30

73
Q

What score is considered mild cognitive impairment on the MMSE?

A

18-23

74
Q

What score is considered severe cognitive impairment on the MMSE?

A

0-17

75
Q

What does MoCA stand for?

A

Montreal Cognitive Assessment

76
Q

What is the MoCA?

A

Rapid screen for cognitive abilities that is designed to detect mild cognitive dysfunction

77
Q

What score is considered to be normal function on the MoCA?

A

26-30

78
Q

What score is considered to indicate mild cognitive impairment on the MoCA?

A

< 25

79
Q

What does SLUMS stand for?

A

Saint Louis University Mental Status Exam

80
Q

What is the purpose of the SLUMS?

A

Identify individuals who have dementia and mild neurocognitive impairment

81
Q

What is the cutoff for no cognitive impairment on the SLUMS?

A

27-30

82
Q

What is the cutoff for mild cognitive impairment on the SLUMS?

A

21-26

83
Q

What is the cutoff for dementia on the SLUMS?

A

1-20

84
Q

What score indicated depression on the Geriatric Depression Scale?

A

> 5

NMR II (27 decks)

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