Farming Flashcards

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1
Q

What mineral ions do fertilisers have
What are their uses

A

Nitrates: amino acid
Magnesium: chlorophyll

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2
Q

Benefits of organic fertilisers

A

Return nitrates to soil
decaying matter improves soil structure
readily available
wide mineral range

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3
Q

Cons of organic fertilisers

A

Slow acting,
Contain pest
Bulky
Less nitrogen content

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4
Q

Benefits of using inorganic fertilisers

A

Contents known,
Fast application,
Can replace all lost nitrates
Ez application

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5
Q

Cons of using inorganic fertilisers

A

Damage soil structure
Reapplication needed (leach)
Eutrophication (leach, algae bloom, other plants die, bacteria growth, fight for O2)
Expensive

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6
Q

Types of pests, how they’re bad and the type of pesticides targeted to them

A

Weed, compete for light, C.D., nitrates, water, herbicides
Insects, decrease SA for photo, Insecticide
Fungi, decrease SA for photo, fungicide

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7
Q

What is bio accumulation

A

The accumulation of pesticides along the food chain and reaches a harmful level at the top
As it is fat insoluble (x excreted)

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8
Q

Which type of pesticide is more favourable to prevent bio accumulation

A

Biodegradable

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9
Q

What is biological control

A

The introduction of another organism which controls the number of pests

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10
Q

Types of biological control

A

Herbivores
Natural predators
Sterile males
Parasites
Pathogenic microorganisms
Pheromones

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11
Q

Benefits of using pesticides

A

Fast
Eliminates all

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12
Q

Cons of using pesticides

A

Not specific
Reapply
Bioaccumulation
May become resistant

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13
Q

Pros of using biological control

A

Specific
1 introduction
X chemicals
X resistant

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14
Q

Cons of using biological control

A

Slow
X fully eradicate

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15
Q

Fish farming in terms of food

A

Feed in small amounts
High protein (growth)

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16
Q

Fish farming in terms of cage

A

X move to eat (E conservation)
Prevent other fish from eating the food
Prevent underwater predators (inter specific)
Prevent intraspecific predators
Selective breeding
Move away from faeces (bacteria, decompose, oxygen to resp) to cleaner water w O2

17
Q

How does using a net help with fish farming

A

Prevent aerial predators

18
Q

Biological control used in fish a farming

A

Wrasse

19
Q

Antibiotics and pesticides are used in fish farming

A
20
Q

Name 3 things glasshouses / polythene tunnels control

A

CO2 & temperature: burn fossil fuel
Light: artificial, lengthen daytime

21
Q

How does soil maximise yield

A

Contain nitrate ions: amino acid, proteins, growth and repair
Plough for soil structure: aeration, drainage of minerals and water
Maintain pH calcium salt, neutralise acid rain, effective mineral uptake