Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) Flashcards

1
Q

JIA Etiology

A
  • may not be lifetime!!!–>can achieve remission and “outgrow” JIA
    -autoimmune disease
    -commonly affect LL: knee, ankle, UL: elbow, wrist, hand
    -F>M
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2
Q

JIA Subtype

A
  1. Oligoarthritis
    most common
    4 or fewer joints – typically medium and larger joints: knees, ankles, elbows
  2. Polyarthritis
    5 or more joints – affect medium /small joints
    -sero-ve/sero+ve(-ve/+ve rheumatoid factor)
  3. Systemic arthritis (Least common type)
    Arthritis as well as systemic symptoms: fever (~several weeks), skin rash, inflammation of the internal organs
  4. Enthesitis-related arthritis
    -Inflammation at tendons and ligaments attachment to bones
    -affect spine, hips, and knees
    -M>F
    -HLA B27 (same as spondyloarthritis)
  5. Psoriatic arthritis
    -differs from adult form: more of a peripheral pattern of arthritis with less frequent axial involvement
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3
Q

JIA common feature

A
  • Joint pain (worse: morning/after prolonged positioning)
  • Joint stiffness
  • Warm swollen joints
  • Eyes issues (uveitis)
  • Fatigue and malaise
    ***Rheumatoid factor is present in only a small % of individuals with JIA

systemic JIA
*High fever
*Swollen lymph nodes
*Abnormal erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)

Additional signs (depending on severity):
o Muscle atrophy
o Generalized deconditioning
o Loss of ROM and soft tissue contractures
o Joint deformities
o Gait abnormalities

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4
Q

JIA Dx

A

-S/S present for 6 weeks
-under age of 16

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5
Q

JIA Rx

A

Acute:
- normal pain-free activity
- joint protection+light activity with fatigue Mx
- Usage of brace/Pain Mx
-pain-free AROM/isometric
- low impact cardio: bike, aquatic

**Avoid stress on joints: limit jumping/running/contact sport
**Avoid resistance/stretching exercise **

Non-acute:
-light to moderate resistance ex
-pain-free stretching
-functional bodyweight movement (sit to stand, stair)

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