Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) Flashcards
JIA Etiology
- may not be lifetime!!!–>can achieve remission and “outgrow” JIA
-autoimmune disease
-commonly affect LL: knee, ankle, UL: elbow, wrist, hand
-F>M
JIA Subtype
- Oligoarthritis
most common
4 or fewer joints – typically medium and larger joints: knees, ankles, elbows - Polyarthritis
5 or more joints – affect medium /small joints
-sero-ve/sero+ve(-ve/+ve rheumatoid factor) - Systemic arthritis (Least common type)
Arthritis as well as systemic symptoms: fever (~several weeks), skin rash, inflammation of the internal organs - Enthesitis-related arthritis
-Inflammation at tendons and ligaments attachment to bones
-affect spine, hips, and knees
-M>F
-HLA B27 (same as spondyloarthritis) - Psoriatic arthritis
-differs from adult form: more of a peripheral pattern of arthritis with less frequent axial involvement
JIA common feature
- Joint pain (worse: morning/after prolonged positioning)
- Joint stiffness
- Warm swollen joints
- Eyes issues (uveitis)
- Fatigue and malaise
***Rheumatoid factor is present in only a small % of individuals with JIA
systemic JIA
*High fever
*Swollen lymph nodes
*Abnormal erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
Additional signs (depending on severity):
o Muscle atrophy
o Generalized deconditioning
o Loss of ROM and soft tissue contractures
o Joint deformities
o Gait abnormalities
JIA Dx
-S/S present for 6 weeks
-under age of 16
JIA Rx
Acute:
- normal pain-free activity
- joint protection+light activity with fatigue Mx
- Usage of brace/Pain Mx
-pain-free AROM/isometric
- low impact cardio: bike, aquatic
**Avoid stress on joints: limit jumping/running/contact sport
**Avoid resistance/stretching exercise **
Non-acute:
-light to moderate resistance ex
-pain-free stretching
-functional bodyweight movement (sit to stand, stair)