BIOLOGICAL the central nervous system

Question 1

what is a neurotransmitter

Answer 1

chemical messengers responsible for transmission of electrical impulses through the synapse

Question 2

what are the five neurtransmitters we look at

Answer 2

dopamine, serotonin, gaba, noradrenaline, acetylcholine

Question 3

what type of neurotramnsitter is dopamine and what is it linked to

Answer 3

• linked to addiction (D2 receptors), schozphrenia, depression
• exitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter

Question 4

what type of neurotransmitter is serotonin and what is it linked to

Answer 4

• inhibitory neurotransmitter
• linked to depression and anxiety

Question 5

what is the function of serotonin

Answer 5

carb cravings, emotion, mood, regulates sleep cycle

Question 6

what type of neurotransmitter is gaba and what is it linked to

Answer 6

• inhibitory neurotransmitter
• linked to alcohol and heroin

Question 7

what is the function of gaba

Answer 7

blocks messages, calms the nerves that are firing in order to relax the body

Question 8

what type of neurotransmitter is noradrenaline and what is it linked to

Answer 8

• excitatory neurotransmitter
• linked to depression, stress, anxiety, high blood pressure, hyperactivity

Question 9

what is the function of noradrenaline

Answer 9

fight or flight response in aggression

Question 10

what type of neurotransmitter is acetylcholine and what is it linked to

Answer 10

• excitatory neurotransmitter
• linked to nicotine

Question 11

what is the function of acetylcholine

Answer 11

muscle stimulation - low levels of ACh linked to problems with learning and memory

Question 12

explain the process of synaptic transmission

Answer 12

1. an action potential arrives at the pre-synaptic neuron
2. causes the vesicle to fuse with the membrane of the pre-synaptic neuron
3. neurotransmitter is released into the synaptic cleft
4. neurotransmitter diffuses across synaptic cleft
5. neurotransmitter binds to specific receptors on the post-ynaptic neuron
6. this triggers an action potential in teh post-synaptic neuron
7. neurotransmitters return to the vesicle via reuptake

Question 13

what is the difference between the excitatory and the inhibitory neurotransmitters

Answer 13

excitatory = increases the likelyhood that neurons will fire an action potential
inhibitory = decreases

Question 14

what are neurons responsible for

Answer 14

recieving sensory input, sending motor commands to muscles and transforming and relayinf electrical signals