COGNITIVE Baddeley's study

Question 1

Baddeley classic study on the working memory model

when did the study take place

Answer 1

1966b (second experiment that same year)

Question 2

baddeley classic study on the working memory model

descirbe the aim

Answer 2

to see if the LTM is impared by semantic similarities and to show that the LTM is not impaied by acoustic similarities

Question 3

baddeley classic study on the working memory model

descirbe the sample

Answer 3

• 72 mainly houswives that were paid a small amount
• volunteer sample from the Applied Psychological Research Unit at Cambridge University

Question 4

baddeley classic study on the working memory model

what was the experimental design and what were the IV

Answer 4

independent group design - 4 groups
* control groups - acoustically dissimilar words - semantically dissimilar words
* experimental groups - acoustically similar words - semantically similar words

Question 5

Baddeley classic study on the working memory model

describe the procedure

Answer 5

• participants got split into one of 4 groups
• list of 10 words presented on a projector- 1 every 3 seconds
• interference task was used - listen to 6 sequences of numbers and write it down
• had 40 seconds to write words in the correct order
  REPEATED 4 TIMES FOR EACH GROUP
• interference task used again - copying digits
• surprise recall used - words placed randomly around the room (all participants ended with 5 scores each)

Question 6

baddeley classic study on the working memory

describe the results

Answer 6

• no significant figure between group A and group B
• significantly fewer words recalled in semantically similar condition (group C and D)

Question 7

baddeley classic study on the working memory model

describe the conclusion

Answer 7

• the STM and LTM have different coding systems
• STM used acoustic encoding
• LTM uses semantic encoding (impaired by semantic similarities)

Question 8

baddeley classic study on the working memory

positive evaluation points

Answer 8

• volunteer sample - quick and easy
• highyl controlled - all words has same frequency in everyday life - increases internal validity
• standardised procedure - words show up every 3 seconds on a projector - increases reliability

Question 9

baddeley classic study on the working memory

negative evaluation points

Answer 9

• all sample from cambridge - ethnocentric - not representative to TP - lacks population validity
• lab experiment - artificial memory exp. - lacks ecological validity
• independent groups design - individual differences (attention levels/ mood) - effects results of the IV