Heart Structure + Cardiac Cycle Flashcards

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1
Q

Which side of the heart is larger?

A

Left

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2
Q

Which vessel brings oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?

A

Pulmonary vein

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3
Q

Which vessel brings deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs?

A

Pulmonary artery

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4
Q

Which vessel bring deoxygenated blood from the heart to the body?

A

Aorta

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5
Q

Which vessel brings oxygenated blood from the body to the heart?

A

Vena cava

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6
Q

What is the role of the right atrioventricular valve?

A

Stops backflow between the right atrium and ventricle.

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7
Q

What is the role of the left atrioventricular valve?

A

Stops backflow between the left atrium and ventricle

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8
Q

What is the role of the septum?

A

Separates two sides of the heart.

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9
Q

What is the role of the right semi-lunar valve?

A

Stops backflow between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery.

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10
Q

What is the role of the left semi-lunar valve?

A

Stops backflow between the aorta and left ventricle.

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11
Q

How are valves opened?

A

By changes in pressure.

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12
Q

How does blood moves through the left side of the heart?

A

-Blood enters the left atrium via the pulmonary artery.
-Moves from the left atrium to the left ventricle as pressure increases so the left AV valve opens as the atrium contracts.
-Pressure in the left ventricle will then increase.
-Blood moves to the aorta as the SL valve opens and the ventricle contracts.

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13
Q

What happens in diastole?

A

-Blood returns to the atrium through the pulmonary vein and vena cava.
-An increase in pressure causes the AV valve to open.
-Pressure is higher in aorta aorta and pulmonary artery than ventricles so SL valve closes.

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14
Q

What happens in atrial systole?

A

-Atrium walls contract.
-Pushes remaining blood into ventricles.
-Ventricles remain relaxed and recoil.

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15
Q

What happens in ventricular systole?

A

-Atrium relaxes after a short delay where the ventricles fill with blood to ensure the ventricles contact and valves have time to close (no backflow).
-Pressure increases in ventricles which is higher than aorta and pulmonary artery so SL valve opens.
-Blood is pushed away from the heart through the PA and aorta.

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16
Q

When does the AV valve open and close?

A

Opens- Atrial systole.
Closes- Ventricular systole.

17
Q

What does the semi-lunar valve open and close?

A

Opens- Ventricular systole.
Closes- Diastole