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DH 2 > STI and other Diseases > Flashcards

STI and other Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

How can STI’s be transmitted to healthcare workers?

A

Direct contact with lesions blood or saliva

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2
Q

What is the cause of Gonorrhea?

A

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

2nd most common STI

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3
Q

How is Gonorrhea transmitted?

A

Sexual contact

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4
Q

What are the medical management for Gonorrhea?

A

Antibiotics

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5
Q

What are the antibiotics used for Gonorrhea?

A
  • Ceftriaxone IM
  • Alternative: Cefixime and oral Azithromycin
  • Cephalosporin Allergy: Gemifloxacin and Azithromycin
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6
Q

What are the Dental Management for Gonorrhea?

A
  • Dental care after begining antibiotics
  • Use standard precautions
  • Limited transmission risk once antibiotics begun
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7
Q

What are the oral manifestations for Gonorrhea?

A
  • Rare outside of the oropharynx (back of throat)
  • Oropharynx infection leads to pharyngitis (sore throat)
  • erythematous throat with small pustules
  • enlarged palatine tonsils with possible exudate
  • cervical lymphadenopathy
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8
Q
A

Gonorrhea oral lesion

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9
Q

What is the cause of Syphillis?

A

Treponema pallidum

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10
Q

How is syphilis transmitted?

A
  • Sexual contact
  • In utero to fetus
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11
Q

What are the stages of syphilis?

A
  • Primary- characterized by painless sores
  • Secondary-manifesting as rash, fever, and other systemic symptoms
  • Tertiary- marked by severe complications affecting the heart, brain, nerves, and other organs and possible death.
  • Congenital- mother to fetus during pregnancy, resulting in severe health complications for the newborn.
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12
Q

What are the dental management for syphilis?

A
  • Standard precautions for all PT unless oral lesion is present
  • Refere to physican if undiagnosis lesion
  • skin and mucous membranes infectious ( untreated primary and secondary)
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13
Q

What are the oral manifestations of syphilis?

A
  • Primary: oral chancres on the lips, tongue, oropharynx;
    possible lymphadenopathy;
  • Secondary: mucous (red or grayish-white) lesions, linear erosions, ulcerations, pharyngitis, May be asymptomatic
  • Tertiary: Oral gumma (rare)
    Tongue and palate: exophytic, indurated, ulcerated lesion; may erode bone and perforate into nasal cavity
  • Congenital: Hutchinson’s incisor, mulberry molars, high narrow palate, skin fissures around the mouth
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14
Q

What is Genital Herpes simplex virus caused by?

A

HSV-1- above waist (mouth, eyes, nose, braina and skin)
HSV-2 - Below the waist

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15
Q

How is syphillis transmitted?

A

HSV-1: Close contact, infected saliva (kissing)
HSV-2: Sexual contact

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16
Q

What medications are used for HSV?

A

Oral antivirals

  • Acyclovir
  • Famciclovir
  • Valacyclovir
17
Q

How is HSV managed in Dentistry?

A
  • Disclosed on Medical Hx
  • Asymp: Standard precautions
18
Q

When do you defer Tx for HSV?

A

When lesions are infectious during papular, vesicular and ulcerative stages.

19
Q

What are contact fingers in HSV called?

A

Herpetic whitlow

20
Q

What are contact eyes with HSV called?

A

ocular herpes

21
Q

What is the cause of infectious mononucleosis?

A

Epstein Bar virus 90%

22
Q

Who does infecious mono affect?

A

Children
Adolescents
Young adults

23
Q

How is infecious mono transmitted?

A

intimate personal contact

24
Q

How is infective mono medically managed ?

A

Treat symptoms
(bedrest, fluids, pain management and gargling)

25
Q

What are the dental management for infectious mono?

A
  • defer treatment- symptomatic
    reschedule for 4-weeks
26
Q

What are the oral manifestations for infectious mono?

A
  • palatal petechiae
  • enlarged tonsils
  • pharyngitis w/ exudate
  • lymphadenopathy
27
Q

How is HPV transmited?

A
  • Sexual contact
  • From the infected birth canal to fetus
28
Q

How is HPV medically managed?

A
  • Genital warts: surgical ablation, immunomodulatory agents,
    electrosurgery, chemical destruction, topical agents
  • Cancer: surgery + radiation or chemotherapy
  • Prevention; HPV vaccine (Gardasil 9)
29
Q

What are the dental management for HPV?

A
  • Minimal risk to DHCP
  • Use standard precautions
30
Q

What are the oral manifestations for HPV?

A
  • Lesions on the tongue, gingiva, labial mucosa, palate
  • Oral condylomata acuminatum
  • Single lesions or multiple lesions in a cluster
  • Ventral tongue, gingivae, labial mucosae, palate

DH 2 (21 decks)

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