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2nd Sem > Funda prelims > Flashcards

Funda prelims Flashcards

1
Q

Learning to deliver care with compassion, caring and respect for patient dignity and individuality

A

Art

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2
Q

Based on body of knowledge and evidence-based practices that are continually changing

A

Science

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3
Q

The patient is the center of the nursing practice - individuals, families or communities

A

Nursing as a profession

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4
Q

True or False:
Nursing is simply a collection of specific skills and a nurse is simply a person trained to perform specific tasks

A

False:
Nursing is not simply a collection of specific skills and a nurse is not simply a person trained
to perform specific tasks

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5
Q

According to who:
Nursing incorporates the art and science of caring and focuses on the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities; prevention of illness and injury; facilitation of healing; and alleviation of suffering through compassionate presence

A

Ana 2021

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6
Q

According to who:
Nursing encompasses autonomous and collaborative care of individuals of all ages, families, groups, and communities, sick or well, and in all settings. Nursing includes the promotion of health; prevention of illness; and the care of ill, disabled, and dying people

A

ICN 2021

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7
Q

Scope of Nursing - a person shall be deemed to be practicing nursing within the meaning of ___ when he/she singly or in collaboration with another, initiates and performs nursing services to individuals, families and communities in any health care setting. It includes, but not limited to, nursing care during conception, labor, delivery, infancy,
childhood, adulthood and old age. As member independent practitioners, nurses are
primarily responsible for the promotion of health and prevention of illness. As
members of the health team, nurses shall collaborate with other health care providers for
the curative, preventive, and rehabilitative aspects of cares, restoration of health,
alleviation of suffering, and when recovery is not possible, towards a peaceful death.

A

RA no 9172, 2002 Article 6: Nursing practice and PRC Board Resolution no.425, 2003

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8
Q

What are the 5 duties of the nurse?

A
  1. Provide nursing care through the utilization of the nursing process
  2. Establish linkages with community resources and coordination with health term
  3. Provide health education
  4. Teach, guide and supervise students in nursing education programs, undertake consultation services, engage in activities that require the utilization of knowledge and decision-making skills
  5. Undertake nursing and health human resource development training and research to include development of advance nursing practice
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9
Q

What is the 2 scopes of nursing?

A
  1. Observe the code of ethics and uphold standards of practice
  2. Continual learning through continuing professional education provided by accredited professional organization
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10
Q

What is the beginning nurse’s roles on client care?

A
  1. Practices in accordance with legal principles and the code of
    ethics in making personal and professional judgment
  2. Utilizes the nursing process in the interdisciplinary care of
    clients that empowers the clients and promotes safe quality
    care
  3. Maintains complete, accurate and up-to-date recording and
    reporting system
  4. Establishes collaborative relationship with colleagues and other
    members of the team to enhance nursing and other health care
    services
  5. Promotes professional and personal growth and development
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11
Q

What is the beginning nurse’s role on management and leadership?

A
  1. Demonstrates management and leadership skills to
    provide safe and quality care
  2. Demonstrates accountability for safe nursing practice
  3. Demonstrates management and leadership skills to
    deliver health programs and services effectively to
    specific client groups in the community setting
  4. Manages a community/village based health
    facility/component of a health program or a nursing
    service
  5. Demonstrates ability to lead and supervise nursing
    support staff
  6. Utilizes appropriate mechanism for networking, linkage
    building and referrals
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12
Q

What is the beginning nurse’s role on research?

A
  1. Engages in nursing or health related
    research with or under the
    supervision of an experienced
    researcher
  2. Evaluate research study/ report
    utilizing guidelines in the conduct of
    written research critique
  3. Applies the research process in
    improving patient care in partnership
    with a quality improvement/ quality
    assurance/ nursing audit team
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13
Q

Statement of philosophical ideals of right and wrong that define the principles the nurse will use to provide care to clients

A

Code of ethics

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14
Q

What are the professional responsibilities and roles of a nurse?

A
  1. Autonomy and accountability
  2. Caregiver
  3. Patient advocate
  4. Educator
  5. Communicator
  6. Manager
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15
Q

What are the trends in the nursing profession?

A
  1. Importance of nurses’ self-care
  2. Health care reform and costs
  3. Demographic changes
  4. Evidence-based practice
  5. Quality and safety education for nurses
  6. Emerging information technologies
  7. Genomics
  8. Health policy
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16
Q

What are the 8 professional nursing organization in the Philippines?

A
  1. Ang Nars, Inc
  2. Association of Deans of Philippine Colleges of Nursing (ADPCN)
  3. Association of Diabetes Nurse Educators of the Philippines, Inc (ADNEP)
  4. Association of Nursing Service Administrators of the Philippines (ANSAP)
  5. Association of Private Duty Nurse Practitioners Philippines (APDNP)
  6. Critical Care Nurses Association of the Philippines, Inc (CCNAPI)
  7. Gerontology Nurses Association Association of the Philippines (GNAP)
  8. Military Nurses Association of the Philippines (MNAP)
  9. Mother and Child Nurses Association of the Philippines (MCNAP)
  10. National League Philippine Government Nurses (NLPGN)
  11. Occupational Health Nurses Association of the Philippines (OHNAP)
  12. Operating Room Nurses Association of the Philippines (ORNAP)
  13. Philippine Hospital Infection Control Nurses Association (PHICNA)
  14. Philippine Nurses Association of the Philippines (PNA)
  15. Philippine Nursing Informatics Association (PNIA)
  16. Philippine Nursing Research Society (PNRS)
  17. Philippine Oncology Nurses Association (PONA)
  18. Philippine Society of Emergency Care Nurses (PSECN)
  19. Renal nurses Association of the Philippines (RENAP)
  20. Society of Cardiovascular Nurse Practitioners of the Philippines (SCVNPP)
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17
Q
  • The organization of people, institutions, and resources to deliver health care services to meet the health needs of a target population, whether a single-provider practice or a large health care system
  • totality of all policies, facilities, equipment, products, human resources and services which address the health needs, problems and concerns of the people
  • in the us, it is termed as integrated health care delivery which were developed with a focus on improving health care quality and decreasing overall health care costs
  • in the philippines, it is termed service delivery network which were redefined to suit universal health care or kalusang pangkalahatan
A

Health Care Delivery System

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18
Q

Identify the disease prevention based on its definition:
Health promotion and illness prevention
- based on the notion of maintaining optimum level of wellness

A

Primary Prevention

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19
Q

Identify the disease prevention based on its definition:
Diagnosis and Treatment
-requiring emergency, intensive and around the clock acute care

A

Secondary Prevention

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20
Q

Identify the disease prevention based on its definition:
Rehabilitation, Health Restoration and Palliative Care
- helps individuals move to their previous level of health

A

Tertiary Prevention

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21
Q

Identify the disease prevention based on its activities:
Adequate and proper nutrition, weight control and exercise, stress reduction, smoking cessation campaigns, environmental programs

A

Primary Prevention

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22
Q

Identify the disease prevention based on its definition:
Early detection and screening, diagnostic and treatment facilities, outpatient surgical units

A

Secondary Prevention

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23
Q

Identify the disease prevention based on its definition:
End of life care, rehabilitation services

A

Tertiary prevention

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24
Q

Healthcare system whose goals are to provide cost-effective, quality care that focuses on decreased costs and improve outcomes to group of clients

A

Managed care

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25
Q

Involves multidisciplinary teams that assume collaborative responsibility for care for groups of clients. Uses critical pathways to track client’s progress

A

Care management

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26
Q

System which utilizes the best possible use of nursing personnel based on education preparation and skill sets

A

Differentiated practice

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27
Q

One nurse is assigned to and responsible for the comprehensive care of a group of clients during a shift

A

Case Method

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28
Q

Focuses on jobs to be completed, based on production and efficiency model

A

Functional Method

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29
Q

Delivery of nursing care to individual clients by a group of providers led by a professional nurse

A

Team Nursing

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30
Q

One nurse is responsible for overseeing the total care of a number of hospitalized client 24 hours a day 7 days a week

A

Primary Nursing

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31
Q

Is a problem-solving approach to clinical practice that combines the deliberate and systematic use of best evidence in combination with a clinician’s expertise, patient preferences and values and available health care resources in making decisions about patient care

A

Evidence Based Practice (EBP)

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32
Q

What are the steps for evidence-based practice?

A
  1. Cultivate a spirit of inquiry within an EBP culture and environment
  2. Ask a clinical question in PICOT format
  3. Search for the most relevant and best evidence
  4. Critically appraise the evidence you gather
  5. Integrate the best evidence with you clinical expertise and patient preferences and values to make the best clinical decision
  6. Evaluate the outcomes of practice changes based on evidence
  7. Communicate the outcomes of EBP decision or changes
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33
Q

What is PICOT format of a research question?

A

Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Time frame

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34
Q

PICOT:
What specific patient population is of interest?

A

Population

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35
Q

PICOT:
What intervention or policy is being studied

A

Intervention

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36
Q

PICOT:
What is the main alternative?

A

Comparison

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37
Q

PICOT:
What should be measured?

A

Outcome

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38
Q

PICOT:
What is the appropriate time period to assess outcomes?

A

Time frame

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39
Q

Determine the levels of evidence:
Opinion of authorities and/or reports of expert committees

A

Level VII

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40
Q

Determine the levels of evidence:
Single descriptive or qualitative study

A

Level VI

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41
Q

Determine the levels of evidence:
Systematic reviews of descriptive and qualitative studies

A

Level V

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42
Q

Determine the levels of evidence:
Single, nonexperimental study (Case control, correlational, cohort studies)

A

Level IV

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43
Q

Determine the levels of evidence:
Controlled trial without randomization (Quasiexperimental study)

A

Level III

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44
Q

Determine the levels of evidence:
A well-designed RCT

A

Level II

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45
Q

Determine the levels of evidence:
Systematic review or meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) Evidence-based clinical on systematic reviews

A

Level I

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46
Q

Key communication strategy that produces a written account of pertinent patient data, clinical decisions and interventions and patient responses

A

Documentation

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47
Q

What are the purposes of the health care record?

A
  1. Facilitating interprofessional communication
  2. Legal record of care provided
  3. Justification for financial billing and reimbursement of care
  4. Audit, monitor and evaluate care provided for quality improvement
  5. Resource for education and research
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48
Q

What are the legal guidelines for documentation?

A
  1. Do not document retaliatory or critical comments
    about a patient or care provided by another health
    care professional. Quote all patient statements
  2. Correct all records promptly.
  3. Record all facts
  4. Document discussions with providers that you
    initiate.
  5. Document only for yourself
  6. Avoid using generalized, empty phrases such as
    status unchanged, had good day
  7. Begin each entry with date and time and
    end with your signature and credentials
  8. Protect security of your password
  9. Do not erase or scratch out errors while
    recording
    10.Do not leave blank spaces or lines in a
    written progress note
    11.Record all written entries legibly using
    black ink.
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49
Q

What are the different formats of nursing documentation?

A

Narrative, PIE, Focus charting, SOAP

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50
Q

Identify the nursing documentation formats:
A document stating what patient said

A

Narrative

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51
Q

PIE:
Example:
Lack of knowledge related to inexperience with disease condition

A

P: nursing Problem or diagnosis

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52
Q

PIE:
Example:
- Provided brochure on anticoagulation therapy for DVT. - - Explained rationale for bed rest and daily blood tests to check anticoagulation level
- Explained that heparin infusion will be stopped when PT/INR is at therapeutic level and that he can expect to take warfarin for about 6 months until clot resolves

A

I: Interventions that will be used to address the problem

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53
Q

PIE:
Example:
Patient states, “I’m worried about the blood clot, but I understand how it is being treated.” Able to teach back and verbalize that the heparin infusion will be stopped when PT/INR tests are “normal.” Also states that he expects to take warfarin for about 6 months until clot in leg dissolves

A

E: Nursing evaluation

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54
Q

What type of nursing documentation format has DAR?

A

Focus charting

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55
Q

What is DAR?

A

Data, Action or nursing intervention, Response of the patient

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56
Q

Focus charting:
Example:
Patient states, “My leg is so swollen. I’m worried about this blood clot. Do you know how they are going to treat it?”

A

Data

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57
Q

Focus charting:
Example:
Provided brochure on anticoagulation therapy for DVT. Explained rationale for bed rest and daily blood tests to check anticoagulation levels. Explained that heparin infusion will be stopped when PT/INR is at therapeutic level

A

Action of Nursing intervention

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58
Q

Focus Charting:
Example:
Able to teach back and verbalized that heparin infusion will be stopped when PT/INR reaches “normal level” and that he can expect to take warfarin for 6 months after discharge until clot is fully resolved

A

Response of the patient

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59
Q

What is SOAP?

A

Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan

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60
Q

Is that all standard for normal assessment finding or for routine care activities are met unless otherwise documented

A

Charting by Exception

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61
Q

Charting by Exception incorporates standards of care and use clearly, predefined statements for nursing documentation of WDL or WNL which both means what?

A

Within Define Limits, Within Normal Limits

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62
Q

Determine the hours of care and number of staff required for a given group of patients every shift or every 24 hours.

Is not part of the patient’s health record

A

Acuity Rating System

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63
Q

In an Acuity Rating system what does 1 and what does 5 mean?

A

1- independent in all but one or two aspects of care, almost ready for discharge
5- totally dependent in all aspects of care requiring intensive care

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64
Q

Is the use of information systems and other information technology to record, monitor, and deliver patient care, and to perform managerial and organizational functions in health care

A

Healthcare information technology (HIT)

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65
Q

Computer hardware and software dedicated to the collection, storage, processing, retrieval, and communication of patient care information in a healthcare agency

A

Health care information system

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66
Q

Is a large, computerized database management system that is used to access patient data needed to plan, implement, and evaluate care

A

Clinical information system

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67
Q

Contains rules and logic statements that link information required for clinical decisions to generate tailored recommendations for individual patients, the recommendations are presented to health care providers as alerts, warning, or other information for consideration

A

Clinical decision support systems

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68
Q

Is a universal phenomenon influencing the ways in which people think, feel and behave in relation to one another. Nurses help patients recover in the face of illness, give meaning to their illness and maintain or reestablish connection

A

Caring

69
Q

Evaluates patient’s perception of caring

A

Caring Assessment Tool

70
Q

Person-to-person encounter conveying a closeness and sense of caring. Eye contact, body language, voice tone, listening and a positive and encouraging attitude act together to create openness and understanding

A

Providing Presence

71
Q

Comfort measure that reaches out to patients to communicate concern and support. It may be contact touch, caring touch, protective touch, therapeutic touch

A

Touch

72
Q

Silence yourself and listen with an open mind

A

Listening

73
Q

Based on Swanson theory of Caring

A

Knowing the patient

74
Q

Caring in the nursing practice includes 2 last what?

A

Spiritual Caring, Relieving symptoms and suffering

75
Q

Is essential to establish nurse-patient relationships and deliver high-quality patient-centered care

A

Communication

76
Q

What are the levels of Communication?

A

1, Intrapersonal Communication
2. Interpersonal Communication
3. Small group Communication
4. Public Communication
5. Electronic Communication

77
Q

Important aspects such as vocabulary,
denotative and connotative meanings,
pacing, intonation, clarity and brevity

A

Verbal communication

78
Q

Includes personal appearance, posture
and gait, facial expression, eye contact
gestures, sounds and territoriality and
personal space

A

Nonverbal communication

79
Q

Identify the zone of personal space:
0-18’’
Parents and children, lovers, spouses/partners

A

Intimate distance zone

80
Q

Identify the zone of personal space:
18’‘-4’
Close friends

A

Personal distance zone

81
Q

Identify the zone of personal space:
4’-12’
Co-workers, social gathering, friends, work situations

A

Social distance zone

82
Q

Identify the zone of personal space:
12’+
Actors, total strangers, important officials

A

Public distance zone

83
Q

Identify the special zones of touch by areas of the body and identify the permission needed:
Hands, arms, shoulders, and back

A

Social Zone: Permission usually not needed

84
Q

Identify the special zones of touch by areas of the body and identify the permission needed:
Mouth, wrists, feet

A

Consent Zone: Permission is needed

85
Q

Identify the special zones of touch by areas of the body and identify the permission needed:
Face, neck, front of the body

A

Vulnerable Zone: Special Care needed

86
Q

Identify the special zones of touch by areas of the body and identify the permission needed:
Genitalia and rectum

A

Intimate zone: Permission and great sensitivity needed

87
Q

What does AIDET stand for?

A

Acknowledge, Introduce, Duration, Explain, Thank

88
Q

Specific responses that encourage expression of feelings and ideas and convey acceptance and respect

A

Therapeutic Communication techniques

89
Q

Identify the Therapeutic Communication technique:
Accepting pauses or silences that may extend for several seconds or minutes without interjecting any verbal response

A

Using silence

90
Q

Identify the Therapeutic Communication technique:
Using statements or questions that (A) encourage the client to verbalize, (b) choose a topic conversation, and (C) facilitate continued verbalization

A

Providing general leads

91
Q

Identify the Therapeutic Communication technique:
Making statements that are specific rather than general and tentative rather than absolute

A

Being specific and tentative

92
Q

Identify the Therapeutic Communication technique:
Asking broad questions that lead or invite the client to explore

A

Using open-minded questions

93
Q

Identify the Therapeutic Communication technique:
Providing appropriate forms of touch to reinforce caring feelings

A

Using touch

94
Q

Identify the Therapeutic Communication technique:
Actively listening for the client’s basic message and then repeating those thought or feelings in similar words

A

Restating or paraphrasing

95
Q

Identify the Therapeutic Communication technique:
A method of making the client’s broad overall meaning of the message more understandable

A

Seeking clarification

96
Q

Identify the Therapeutic Communication technique:
A method similar to clarifying that verifies the meaning of specific words rather than the overall meaning of a message

A

Perception checking or seeking consensual validation

97
Q

Identify the Therapeutic Communication technique:
Suggesting one’s presence, interest, or wish to understand the client without making any demands or attaching conditions that the client must comply with to receive the nurse’s attention

A

Offering Self

98
Q

Identify the Therapeutic Communication technique:
Providing, in a simple and direct manner, specific factual information the client may or may not request

A

Giving information

99
Q

Identify the Therapeutic Communication technique:
Giving recognition, in a nonjudgemental way, of a change in behavior, an effort the client has made, or a contribution to a communication

A

Acknowledging

100
Q

Identify the Therapeutic Communication technique:
Helping the client clarify an event, situation, or happening in relation to time

A

Clarifying time or sequence

101
Q

Identify the Therapeutic Communication technique:
Helping the client to differentiate the real from unreal

A

Presenting reality

102
Q

Identify the Therapeutic Communication technique:
Helping the client expand on and develop a topic of importance

A

Focusing

103
Q

Identify the Therapeutic Communication technique:
Directing ideas, feelings, questions, or content back to clients to enable them to explore their own ideas and feelings about a situation

A

Reflecting

104
Q

Identify the Therapeutic Communication technique:
Stating the main points of a discussion to clarify the relevant points discussed

A

Summarizing and planning

105
Q

Disruptive behavior that are disrespectful, rude, impolite and promote conflict while increasing stress

A

Incivility

106
Q

Disruptive behavior that is repeated, health-harming mistreatment of one or more persons by one or more perpetrators

A

Bullying

107
Q

Disruptive behavior that is any act of threat of physical violence, harassment, intimidation or other threatening disruptive behavior that occurs at the worksite

A

Workplace Violence

108
Q

What are the leading health indicators according to LHI’s

A
  • household food insecurity
  • hunger
  • homicides
    -suicides
    -children with obesity
109
Q

State of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Who defined this?

A

Health -(WHO, 1947)

110
Q

Actualization of inherent and acquired human potential through goal-directed behavior, competent self-care, and satisfying relationship with others. Who defined this?

A

Health - (Pender et al, Murdaugh et al)

111
Q

People who are free from disease are not necessarily healthy. Who defined this?

A

Health - (Pender, 1996)

112
Q

Health is influenced by a person’s culture and lifestyle. Who defined this?

A

(Murdaugh et al)

113
Q

Addresses the relationship between a person’s belief and behaviors. Who are the components of this?

A

Health belief model - (Rosenstoch; Becker and Maiman)

114
Q

Health belief model is composed of what 3 components?

A
  1. Individual’s perception of susceptibility to an illness
  2. Individual’s perception of the seriousness of the illness
  3. Likelihood of taking preventive action
115
Q

Describes the multidimensional nature of people as they interact within their environment to pursue health. And who is the component?

A

Health Promotion model - (Murdaugh)

116
Q

What are the 3 focus areas of health promotion model?

A
  1. Individual characteristics and experiences
  2. Behavior - specific cognitions and affect
  3. Behavioral outcome
117
Q

Certain human needs are necessary for human survival and health. Who is the component?

A

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

118
Q

Highest expression of one’s individual potential

A

Self-actualization

119
Q

Identify the hierarchy of needs:
Breathing, food, water, shelter, clothing, sleep

A

Physiological needs

120
Q

Identify the hierarchy of needs:
health, employment, property, family and social ability

A

Safety and security

121
Q

Identify the hierarchy of needs:
Friendship, family, intimacy, sense of connection

A

Love and belonging

122
Q

Identify the hierarchy of needs:
Confidence, achievement, respect of others, the need to be a unique individual

A

Self–esteem

123
Q

Identify the hierarchy of needs:
morality, creativity, spontaneity, acceptance, experience purpose, meaning and inner potential

A

Self-actualization

124
Q

Promotes a patient’s optimal level of health by considering the dynamic interactions among emotional, spiritual, social, cultural and physical aspects of an individual’s wellness

A

Holistic health model

125
Q

What are the different holistic interventions?

A
  1. Meditation
  2. Music therapy
  3. Reminiscence
  4. Relaxation therapy
  5. Therapeutic touch
  6. Guide imagery
126
Q

What are the components of holistic care?

A
  1. Physical
  2. Spiritual
  3. Social
  4. Psychological
127
Q

What are the internal variables affecting health and health beliefs and practices?

A
  1. Developmental stage
  2. Perception of functioning
  3. Intellectual background
  4. Emotional Factors
  5. Spiritual factors
128
Q

Considering a patient’s growth and developmental stage helps you predict a patient’s response to an actual illness or the threat of a future illness

A

Developmental Stage

129
Q

Perceptions of physical functioning affect people’s health beliefs and practices

A

Perception of functioning

130
Q

A person’s belief about health are shaped in part by educational background, traditions, and past experiences

A

Intellectual background

131
Q

A patient’s degree of stress, depression, or fear influences health beliefs and practices

A

Emotional factors

132
Q

Is reflected in how people live their lives and serves as an integrating theme in people’s lives and often provides motivation to participate in health promoting activities

A

Spiritual factors

133
Q

What are the external variables affecting health and health beliefs and practices?

A
  1. Family role and practices
  2. Social determinants of health
  3. Culture
134
Q

The roles and organization of a family influence how each family member defines health and illness and values health practices

A

Family role and practices

135
Q

Health is determined by a person’s circumstances and environment, Social, commercial, cultural, economic, environmental and political

A

Social determinants of Health

136
Q

It influences the approach to the health care systems, personal health practices, and the nurse-patient relationship

A

Culture

137
Q

Public health focuses on what?

A
  1. Health promotion
  2. Health education
  3. Illness prevention
138
Q

Helps individuals maintain or enhance their present health

A

Health Promotion

139
Q

It includes proving information on topics such as physical awareness, stress management, and self responsibility to enable individuals to improve their health

A

Health education

140
Q

Activities such as immunization programs and blood pressure screenings

A

Illness prevention

141
Q

True prevention. It’s goal is to reduce the incidence of disease.
EX:
Health education program
Nutritional programs

A

Primary Prevention

142
Q

Focuses on preventing the spread of disease, illness, or infection once it occurs.
ex:
Mass screening
Focused exams to cure and prevent disease

A

Secondary Prevention

143
Q

It involves minimizing the effects of long-term disease or disability by interventions directed at preventing complications and deterioration. Activities are directed at rehabilitation rather than diagnosis and treatment

A

Tertiary Prevention

144
Q

What are nonmodifiable risk factors?

A
  1. Age
  2. Gender
  3. Genetics
  4. Family history
145
Q

What are modifiable risk factors?

A
  1. Lifestyle practices and behaviors
  2. Environment
146
Q

State in which a person’s physical, emotional, intellectual, social, developmental, or spiritual functioning is diminished or impaired

A

Illness

147
Q

Usually reversible and has a short duration. Symptoms appear abruptly, intense and subside after a relatively short period

A

Acute Illness

148
Q

Lasts more than 6 months: irreversible and affects functioning in one or more systems

A

Chronic Illness

149
Q

People often adopt
cognitive, affective, and
behavioral reactions to their
diseases that are influenced
by sociocultural &
psychological factors.

A

Illness Behavior

150
Q

What are the variables influencing illness and illness behavior

A
  • Physical stressors
  • Work stress
  • Exposure to air pollution
  • unsafe environment
  • heredity and individual practices
  • influence of emotional, intellectual, social, developmental, and spiritual factors
151
Q

Patient’s perception of symptoms and the nature of a disease

A

Internal variables influencing illness and illness behavior

152
Q

Variables influencing a patient’s
illness behavior include the
visibility of symptoms, social
groups, cultural background,
economic variables, accessibility
of the health care system &
social support

A

External variables influencing illness and illness behavior

153
Q

Impact of Illness

A
  1. Behavioral and emotional changes
  2. Impact on body image
  3. Impact on self-concept
  4. Impact on family roles
154
Q

What is critical thinking and clinical reasoning

A

Clinical judgement

155
Q

Process of international higher level of thinking to define a client’s problem, examine evidence-based practice in caring for the patient and making choices in the delivery of care

A

Critical Thinking

156
Q

Cognitive process that uses thinking strategies to gather and analyze client information, evaluate its relevance and decide on nursing actions to improve outcomes

A

Clinical Reasoning

157
Q

Conclusion about a patient’s needs or health problems that leads to taking or avoiding action, using modifying standard approaches or creating new ones based on patient’s response

A

Clinical Judgement

158
Q

The process of critical thinking requires the nurse to what?

A
  1. Think ahead - begin proactive
  2. Apply thinking while acting
  3. Think Back - reflective thinking
159
Q

Identify the technique of critical thinking:
Application of a set of questions to a particular situation or idea to determine essential information and ideas and discard unimportant ones

A

Critical Analysis

160
Q

Identify the technique of critical thinking:
Technique one can use to look beneath the surface,
recognize and examine assumptions, search for
inconsistencies, examine multiple points of view
and differentiate what one knows from what one
believes

A

Socratic Questioning

161
Q

Identify the technique of critical thinking:
Generalizations formed from a set of facts or
observations (from specific to general)

A

Inductive Reasoning

162
Q

Identify the technique of critical thinking:
Reasoning from general premise to specific
conclusions

A

Deductive Reasoning

163
Q

Identify the level of critical thinking:
consider wide array
of clinical alternatives, apply all
elements of clinical judgment
model automatically

A

Commitment

164
Q

Identify the level of critical thinking:
independent decision-making,
creativity, with initiative to look beyond
expert opinion, consideration of different
solutions, options and approaches

A

Complex

165
Q

Identify the level of critical thinking:
answers are either right or wrong, single
solution to a problem

A

Basic

166
Q

Technique that uses a graphic depiction of nonlinear and linear relationships to represent critical thinking. Allows the nurse to map words on a page and focus on concepts and relationships

A

Concept Mapping

167
Q

A systematic, rational method of planning and proving individualized nursing care. Purposes to identify a client’s health status and actual or potential healthcare problems or needs, establish plans, and to deliver specific nursing interventions

A

Nursing Process

168
Q
A

2nd Sem (13 decks)

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